利用旋轉盤反應器製備生質柴油

Preparation of biodiesel using a spinning disk reactor

陳愷捷(Kai-Jie Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳昱劭

中原大學/工學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201200740

摘要

生質柴油是一種替代能源，以動、植物油脂提煉而成，可取代柴油以降低排氣汙染及減少溫室效應氣體排放，且可提高燃燒效率。然而，生質柴油一般都是利用批次反應器來生產，不但攪拌效率差且反應時間較長，而因為旋轉盤反應器（SDR）具有良好的微觀混合性能，可提高反應流體之質傳及熱傳效率，故本研究使用SDR以大豆油與甲醇為原料，連續式轉酯化程序來製備生質柴油。本研究也會探討一些操作參數在SDR-Ⅰ中對轉化率及生產速率的影響：醇油莫耳比、觸媒種類及濃度、反應溫度、轉速以及進料總流率。另外，我們也會測試增加旋轉盤反應器盤面直徑時（SDR-Ⅱ）的結果與SDR-Ⅰ作比較。
實驗結果顯示，生質柴油的轉化率會隨著醇油莫耳比、觸媒濃度、反應溫度及轉速提升而提升，且在SDR-Ⅰ系統中的最佳操作條件為：醇油莫耳比6：1、觸媒KOH濃度1.5wt%、反應溫度60℃、轉速2400rpm及進料總流率772.5ml/min，在此條件下，轉化率可達96.93%、生產速率可達1.862mol/min；而隨著進料總流率提升，雖然轉化率會稍微下降，但生產速率依然會提升，且在進料總流率1144.8ml/min時，有最高生產速率2.613mol/min。
最後，本實驗還會探討SDR跟其他連續式轉酯化反應器的比較。SDR由於其良好的微觀混合性能，顯示具有高的生產效率，因此SDR被認為是一種轉酯化效率高的反應器。

關鍵字

生質柴油 ； 轉酯化

並列摘要

Biodiesel which is produced from animal fat or vegetable oil is an alternative fuel to reduce the emission of green-house-effect gas and other pollutants, and to enhance combustion efficiency. However, biodiesel is generally produced in a batch stirred tank with long reaction time due to the poor mixing efficiency. This study uses a spinning disk reactor（SDR）, which is characterized with good mixing efficiency and high heat and mass transfer rates, to continuously produce biodiesel by transesterification of soybean oil and methanol. The effect of the operating variables, such as molar ratio of methanol to oil, types and concentration of the catalysts, temperature, rotational speed, flow rate of the feeds and diameter of the disk on the conversion and the rate of productivity of biodiesel was investigated.
The experimental results show that increasing the molar ratio of methanol to oil, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature, and rotational speed will enhance biodiesel conversion. The optimal molar ratio of methanol to oil, the KOH concentration, the reaction temperature, the rotational speed, and total flow rate of the feed in the SDR-Ⅰsystem are 6, 1.5wt%, 60℃, 2400rpm, and 772.5ml/min, respectively. Additionally, when the total flow rate of the feed increases, the conversion will decline slightly, but the productivity will increase. The productivity achieved a maximum value of 2.613mol/min when total flow rate of the feed was 1144.8ml/min.
Finally, a SDR was compared with other continuous-transesterification reactors. Due to its excellent micromixing characteristics, the SDR shows high conversion and productivity and is considered a potential reactor for biodiesel production.

並列關鍵字

biodiesel ； transesterification

參考文獻

[37] 王耀萱，2010，「連續式旋轉盤反應器製備微粉之規模放大研究」，國立台灣大學工學院化學工程學系，博士論文。

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