兩種碳系濾材對氨氮降解能力及耗損率試驗研究

Study on the capability of Ammonia removal and depletion rate for two carbon biofilters

江自盛(Zih-Sheng Jiang)

中原大學/工學院/土木工程研究所/碩士(2013年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/CYCU.2013.00400

摘要

去除氨氮是處理生活廢水之重要項目，其處理方法以生物處理為主。甘蔗渣及椰子皮在台灣是容易取得的材料，然利用此兩種材料做為處理氨氮之濾材，其處理能力及消耗率尚未有明確的設計依據，本研究以中原大學良善樓實際運作之再生水處理槽及新設置之4個精密實驗筒，進行前述實驗。
在生活污水氨氮濃度5~15ppm下，根據實際處理槽實驗結果，在水力停留時間1.12小時，實驗進行一個月後甘蔗渣槽與椰子皮濾材單位重去除氨氮能力分別為260.32 (mg/kg)；77.4 (mg/kg)，至第五個月去除能力分別為179.3 (mg/kg)；221.9 (mg/kg)。在精密實驗筒實驗結果，累積處理量與水力停留時間成正比，在水力停留時間1小時，甘蔗渣與椰子皮濾材單位重去除氨氮能力分別為11~34 (mg/kg)；5~26 (mg/kg)。依兩種實驗結果，在處理氨氮能力方面，實際實驗槽之甘蔗渣與椰子皮所得結果分別為精密實驗筒之8.57；5.89倍。其原因為實際處理槽中有污泥儲留槽，甘蔗渣與椰子皮溶解之醣類會儲留該槽體繼續提供微生物使用，故在應用時應採實際試驗槽所得結果做為設計依據。
試驗中之甘蔗渣與椰子皮其耗損率在第5個月達98.86%及41.9%，而去除氨氮率分別為55.71%；87.47%，雖仍可有效去除氨氮，但其去除能力開始下降，故建議甘蔗渣濾材以5個月之去除氨氮能力為設計依據，及做為添加濾材之時距。

關鍵字

污水處理 ； 氨氮降解 ； 碳系濾材 ； 濾材耗損率

並列摘要

Ammonia removal is an important issue for the treatment of dosmetic waste water. In this study, we tried to use the biological treatment to remove ammonia in the waste water. Bagasses and coconut husks are two accessible materials in Taiwan. However, the processing capacity and consumption rate of these two materials lacks definite data basis. In this study, we took the renewable water treatment tank of Liangshan Floor in Chung Yuan Christian University and four new precision tubes to experiment the processing capacity and consumption rate of bagasses and coconut husks.
We assumed the ammonia concentration of sewage is between 5-15 ppm. If the hydraulic residence time is 1.12 hours and keep experimenting for one month, we found the removal capacity of per unit of bagasses trough and coconut husks are 260.32 (mg/kg) and 77.4 (mg/kg). If you keep on this experiment for five months, then the removal capacity are 179.3 (mg/kg) and 221.9 (mg/kg). If we make this experiment in the precision experimental cylinder, the cumulative amount of processing hydraulic residence is proportional to the hydraulic retention time. If the hydraulic residence time is 1 hour, we found the removal capacity of per unit of biogases trough and coconut husks are 11-34 (mg / kg) and 5-26 (mg / kg). Comparing the results from these two experiments, we found data from bagasses and coconut husks is 8.57 and 5.89 times to precision experimental cylinder. The main reason for the differience was because the actual process tank contains a sludge storage tank. Bagasses and coconut husks would dissolve sugar retention tank for microorganisms . Therefore, we should adopt the application to the actual test tank as the design basis.
In the fifth months, bagasses and coconut husks consumption rate would reach 98.86% and 41.9%. The ammonia removal rates are 55.71% and 87.47%,. Though they still could remove ammonia, but the efficiency declined. In this study, we suggested that by using bagasses filter to remove ammonia capacity should set five months as the design basis.

並列關鍵字

wastewater treatment ； ammonia removal ； carbon biofilters ； filters depletion rate

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