現今消費市場由於消費型態的改變與產品趨向多樣化,加快了製造開發產品的腳步,顧客服務的滿足是企業間重要的競爭策略,而產品多樣化的提供對於企業的成功與否具有關鍵的影響力,同時也造成產品之間具有相當的替代影響,此一現象對於企業或是零售業者在存貨管理上具有相當大的影響,須具備更佳的彈性以因應此一現象。 需求不確定性愈高,伴隨著廠商預測的錯誤成本也愈大,零售商可能會因為價格變動或是其他因素影響,發生了需求替代的現象。本研究主要探討的問題為單一週期存貨、具有時效性之損耗性商品,考慮產品具有需求替代性質,及產品本身與價格同時具有損耗現象時,對於價格及訂購量之決策。研究結果得到,損耗率、價格及販賣週期是影響整體利潤最為嚴重之因素,因此零售業者可針對此一現象做好更準確的需求預測以決定最佳價格,以及做好有效之存貨管理進而降低成本及相關費用的支出,求得到最佳利潤。
Due to changing consumer behavior and the diversified market, product diversification is essential for success. The phenomenon has tremendous influence on the inventory management policy of the enterprise or the retailer. Since price and demand are not fixed for fashion goods, we can be sure that one product may be substituted by another when price difference is significant. The objective of this research is to consider a single-period inventory with the deterioration and product substitution. The result of the study shows that profit is affected by deterioration, price, product substitution and selling period.