CNC工具機控制器之關鍵應用技術影響了機器新功能或精度與效率改善的研發。有鑒於此,本研究主要於研發一套智能化複合功能模組並植入CNC控制器,藉由線上工件重量即時鑑識功能將平台負載重量計算出來,同時啟動智能化高速高精度控制功能模組並根據此重量調校最佳化之參數,來提升工具機在高速下之加工精度。另外,模組中所建立之便捷加工系統、智慧型工件座標設定系統、故障診斷輔助系統,則可提昇加工效率、機台操作之便利性以及提升故障診斷之辨識度以及故障排除的效率。 研究中,智能化高速高精度控制功能模組以實驗方式分析機台高速時對機台精度之影響及相關控制器參數之功能並調校出不同負載重量下之最佳參數值組合,再以曲線擬合之方式求得參數特性方程式。線上工件重量即時鑑識功能,則根據馬達之驅動電流訊息,探討對於平台負載重量之關係,經分析後推導出此關係式之曲線擬合方程式,並將此方程式植入控制器中。便捷加工系統、對話式智慧型工件座標設定系統、故障診斷輔助系統,藉由MACRO EXECUTOR撰寫人機介面,其目的在於提昇機台加工效率、提升機台操作之便利性、提升故障診斷之辨識度以及故障排除的效率。 將以上結果利用MACRO EXECUTOR發展成可執行之G指令並植入CNC控制器中,加工者只需於加工程式中執行線上工件重量即時鑑識功能並啟動智能化線上動態精度控制模組,控制器即可自動計算出平台工件重量並根據工件重量調整參數,達到控制器智能化之目的。
The use of CNC controller is one of the key factors that influences the accuracy and efficiency of a CNC machine tool. This study is mainly to develop an intelligent control module consisting of five functions: (1)on-line workpiece-weight monitoring; (2) intelligent tuning of optimal control parameters; (3) convenient machining module; (4) Automatic workpiece coordinates setup system; (5) auxiliary system of failure diagnose. In the study, Grid encoder was used to understand and analyses the function characteristics of control parameters of a CNC controller. The relationship between weights of workpiece and values of control parameters was, then, determined through curve fitting method. Subsequently, the obtained curve-fitted equation was implanted into CNC controller for control parameter tuning. For on-line tuning the control parameters, a new method monitoring drive current of servo motors to on-line predict the weight of a workpiece was also developed. During machining process, the weight of the machined workpiece was detected and used to determine the optimal control parameters to fit the current machining status. To realize the five proposed functions, MACRO EXECUTOR was used to develop the programs which are in G-codes type so that they can be directly implanted to the CNC controller and on-line executed with NC codes. Finally, several experiments were conducted to verify the proposed functions and the results have shown the feasibility and effectiveness of those functions.