太陽能發電高滲透率之三相不平衡配電饋線電壓分析

Voltage Analysis for an Unbalanced Distribution Feeder with High PV Generation Penetration

楊智強(Jhih-Chiang Yang)

指導教授 ： 許世哲

中原大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu202000340

摘要

理想的配電系統由各相平衡負載組成，然而在現實情況中，常因線路配置、負載特性、負載分佈以及不對稱變壓器併入等因素，造成配電系統之三相電壓與電流不平衡。近年來再生能源併入電網容量急遽增加，如何在不產生過度三相不平衡的情形之下，盡可能增加再生能源的併網量，是重要課題之一。
本研究因應再生能源在配電端快速增加的現況，分析再生能源發電系統併入對配電系統電壓不平衡與電壓變動之影響。本論文使用開放式軟體OpenDSS進行饋線電壓與電流模擬，以分析在符合「再生能源發電系統併聯技術要點」規範下，太陽能發電對配電系統的衝擊。
配電系統在三相不平衡下運轉，會使設備利用率降低、線路損失增加、中性線電壓與電流上升，而中性線電流過高可能會使低能量過電流電驛（LCO）誤動作，進而影響配電系統供電品質與可靠度。而過多的單相太陽能發電系統（陽光屋頂百萬座），若未能妥善的均衡配置，其過高的三相不平衡率及電壓變動率將嚴重影響配電系統的運轉。本論文即針對此議題進行深入的探討及研究，希望對於太陽能發電併入配電系統之影響能有更全面的瞭解。

關鍵字

配電系統、電壓變動率、三相不平衡、太陽能發電

並列摘要

The ideal power distribution system consists of balanced loads of each phase. However, in reality, the three-phase voltage and current of the power distribution system are often unbalanced due to factors such as line configuration, load characteristics, load distribution, and asymmetric transformer incorporation. In recent years, the capacity of renewable energy to be integrated into the grid has increased rapidly. How to increase the amount of renewable energy connected to the grid as much as possible without excessive three-phase imbalance is one of the important issues.
In response to the rapid increase of renewable energy at the distribution end, this research analyzes the impact of the incorporation of renewable energy power generation systems on the voltage imbalance and voltage fluctuations of the distribution system. This thesis uses the open software OpenDSS to simulate the feeder voltage and current to analyze the impact of solar power generation on the power distribution system in compliance with the specifications of "Technical Guide of Renewable Energy Power Generation System Parallel to the Grid".
The operation of the power distribution system under unbalanced three-phase conditions will reduce equipment utilization, increase line losses, and increase neutral line voltage and current. A high neutral line current may cause low-energy overcurrent relay (LCO) to malfunction. This will affect the power supply quality and reliability of the power distribution system. However, if too many single-phase solar power generation systems (Million Rooftop PVs Promotion Project) are not properly balanced, the high three-phase unbalance rate and voltage fluctuation rate will seriously affect the operation of the power distribution system. This thesis conducts in-depth discussion and research on this topic, hoping to have a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of the integration of solar power into the power distribution system.

並列關鍵字

Distribution System, Voltage Variation, Three-phase Unbalance, Solar Power System

參考文獻

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