實驗設計法分析酵素水解苦茶餅粕萃取蛋白

在永續環保以及保健概念興起的趨勢之下，從植物當中萃取出的再生蛋白逐漸受到重視。其中苦茶也富含優良植物蛋白，然而其主要產品為苦茶油，榨油後殘餘之餅粕並沒有被有效利用。苦茶所含有蛋白質經過酵素水解後所產生之小分子胜肽擁有良好功能及營養特性，具有自由基清除能力，在保養品盛行的現代也可以做為保養品添加劑，達到保濕、延緩老化的效果，因此為了增加苦茶經濟價值，並達到資源再利用的目的，對苦茶蛋白的研究價值日漸提升。本研究目標為生產對人體來說消化及吸收度較高的小分子胜肽，找出最佳萃取水解參數。利用Alcalase鹼性蛋白酶對苦茶蛋白進行水解，藉由一次一因子實驗找出不同參數之適當範圍，並使用回應曲面法針對固液比（1：10 / 1：15 / 1：20 w:v）、溫度（50 / 55 / 60。C）、水解時間（1 / 2 / 3 hr）進行最佳化試驗，獲得最佳蛋白濃度30.225 μg/μL、DPPH自由基清除能力88.235 %、螯合亞鐵金屬能力89.205 %、還原力98.5 %、胜肽(MW < 17 kDa)百分比47.4 %，綜合整體效果的最佳參數為固液比1：15、溫度50。C、時間3 hr。

關鍵字

苦茶；蛋白；餅粕；酵素水解；回應曲面法；實驗設計法；抗氧化力

並列摘要

Under the trend of sustainable environmental protection and the rise of health care concepts, regenerative proteins extracted from plants have gradually received attention. Among them, Camellia oleifera seed is also rich in high-quality vegetable protein, but its main product is Camellia seed oil, and the residual cake after oil extraction has not been effectively utilized. The protein contained in Camellia seed cake is hydrolyzed by enzymes, and the small molecule peptides have good functional and nutritional properties, and also have free radical scavenging ability. Therefore, in order to increase the economic value of Camellia oleifera Abel. and achieve the purpose of resource reuse, the research value of Camellia seed protein is increasing day by day. The purpose of this research is to produce small-molecule peptides with high digestibility and absorption for the human body, and to find the optimal extraction and hydrolysis parameters. The protease, Alcalase, was used to hydrolyze the protein, and the appropriate range of different parameters was found through a one-factor-at-a-time experiment. The response surface methodology was used for the solid-liquid ratio (1:10 / 1:15 / 1:20 w:v ), temperature (50 / 55 / 60℃), and hydrolysis time (1 / 2 / 3 hr) to obtain the best protein concentration of 30.225 μg/μL, DPPH free radical scavenging ability of 88.235 %, metal chelating capacity 89.205 %, reducing power 98.5 %, and the peptide (MW < 17 kDa) percentage is 47.4 %. The best parameters for the overall effect are the solid-liquid ratio of 1:15, temperature 50℃ and hyfrolysis time 3 hr.