- 學位論文
以具分散反萃取相支撐式液膜分離溶液中的鈷、鋰及鎳
Separation of cobalt, lithium and nickel in solution by supported liquid membrane with strip dispersion
摘要
隨著科技的蓬勃發展，人們對於電子設備的依賴性增加，以及節能減碳下電動車產業的大力推動，鋰離子電池中的關鍵金屬材料鈷、鋰及鎳之需求量逐年攀升, 但因供給有限，近年來鈷與鎳之價格上漲，因此從廢棄鋰離子電池及工業廢水中分離及回收鈷、鋰及鎳之稀貴金屬是全球關注的重要課題，本研究針對目前鋰電池所含金屬鈷、鋰及鎳離子，以自行配製之離子溶液，探討以支撐式液體膜進行其分離及回收的效能。 本研究首先以溶劑萃取實驗獲得最佳之進料pH值後，再利用3M Liqui-Cel 模組以具分散反萃取相支撐式液膜分離及回收鈷、鋰及鎳離子，並探討不同操作參數如緩衝進料、不同進料濃度、萃取劑D2EHPA之濃度及混合萃取劑D2EHPA及Cyanex272等對透過係數及分離選擇率之影響。 採用單一萃取劑D2EHPA結果顯示進料相使用非緩衝溶液及緩衝溶液，鈷之透過係數從1.148×10^(-7)增加至5.83×10^(-7)(m/s)，萃取率由97.6增加至99.9％；回收率則由71增加至92％。而鈷之透過係數隨進料濃度增加而下降，於0.05~0.55M D2EHPA操作的範圍, 結果顯示鈷、鋰及鎳離子之透過係數隨D2EHPA的濃度增加而提高，但於低濃度有較高分離選擇率，如在D2EHPA為0.05M時，鈷與鋰之分離選擇率達118，而鈷與鎳則為7.6。 由於使用單一萃取劑D2EHPA之鈷與鎳分離效果不佳，為了進一步提高分離選擇率，因此使用萃取劑Cyanex272與D2EHPA混合進行實驗操作，其中萃取劑分別以0.15M及0.05M作為有機相，鈷與鎳之透過係數分別為1.4×10^(-6)及1.9x10^(-8)(m/s)，而鋰則完全不會被萃取至有機相，於操作前段0~40分鐘內鎳幾乎完全不會被萃取，因此鎳之透過係數需進行分段探討，第一段0~40分鐘為7.6 x10^(-10)(m/s)，此階段鈷/鎳之分離選擇率達1842，具有良好之分離效果。
關鍵字
支撐式液膜並列摘要
With the development of science and technology, the rapid evolution of electronic components and the vigorous promotion of electric vehicles, the demand for cobalt, lithium and nickel, the key metal materials in lithium-ion batteries, has been increasing year by year. Due to the limited supply of these precious metals, the prices of cobalt and nickel have often risen sharply in recent years. Therefore, the separation and recovery of these metals from waste lithium-ion batteries and industrial wastewater is an important topic. In this study, the supported liquid membrane experiment was used to investigate the separation and recovery efficiency of cobalt, lithium and nickel ions. In this study, self-prepared solutions of cobalt, lithium and nickel ions were used. for solvent extraction experiments to obtain the optimal pH value of the feed. Then, supported liquid membrane with strip dispersion using 3M Liqui-Cel module was used to separate ions, to investigate the influence of different operating parameters such as buffer feed, feed concentration, extractant D2EHPA concentration and mixed extractant D2EHPA and Cyanex272 on the permeation coefficient and separation selectivity. The results using a single extractant D2EHPAshowed that, when the buffered solution was used in the feed phase to replace the non-buffered solution, the cobalt permeation coefficient increases from 1.148×10^(-7) to 5.83×10^(-7) (m/s), and the extraction increases from 97.6 to 99.9%, while the recovery raises from 71 to 92%. In D2EHPA used in a range of 0.05~0.55M , the results showed that the permeability coefficient of cobalt, lithium and nickel ions increase along with the D2EHPA concentration. But at low concentrations, the separation selectivity is higher. For example, when D2EHPA is 0.05M, the separation selectivity of cobalt and lithium is 118, while that of cobalt and nickel is 7.6. Due to the low selectivity for cobalt and nickel separation using a single extractant D2EHPA, this study further used Cyanex272 and D2EHPA extractant for experiments. When the two extractants were mixed at 0.15M and 0.05M , respectively, as the organic phase , the permeability of cobalt and nickel was 1.4x10^(-6) and 1.9x10^(-6)m/s) respectively; additionally, lithium was not be extracted into the organic phase. Since nickel is almost not extracted in the first 0 to 40 minutes of operation, the selectivity of cobalt/nickel at this stage is 1842, which has good selective separation.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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