基於聯盟區塊鏈與智能合約之基因定序服務與交易框架

Genomic Sequencing Data Trading Framework based on Consortium Blockchain and Smart Contract

吳翰泓(HAN-HUNG WU)

指導教授 ： 楊明豪 ； 黎俊榮

中原大學/電機資訊學院/資訊工程學系/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu202201572

摘要

隨著次世代定序技術的進步，使基因定序速度加快，成本也大幅下降，又因基因研究可以用於精準醫療、疾病預防及研發藥物等，為此，醫療機構、製藥廠商及生技公司等單位紛紛投入研究，所以需要購買、蒐集基因資料來分析，就產生了基因交易的需求。為了保障基因交易的安全性，且基因資料是敏感的，需要考慮隱私權、倫理等問題，是以，我們提出一個基於聯盟鏈的框架，使多個基因公司組成聯盟鏈，使用者可以進行基因定序服務與基因交易，讓基因資料擁有者可以售出基因資料獲取報酬，基因資料購買者可以方便一次購買到多筆基因資料。在定序服務時，我們使用聚合簽章作為基因資料擁有者委託基因公司的定序紀錄，並寫進區塊鏈中，以便後續交易時可追溯當初的紀錄。在基因交易時，會聚合多筆基因資料擁有者售出的基因資料和簽章，可以一次驗證所有簽章與資料。利用我們設計的議價機制和交易流程，加上密碼學、區塊鏈、智能合約和數位簽章等工具特性，使基因交易公平、安全、可溯源，並保有機密性、完整性與不可否認性等，並使用Hyperledger fabric來模擬聯盟鏈與智能合約。

關鍵字

基因定序服務 ； 基因交易 ； 區塊鏈 ； 聯盟鏈 ； 智能合約 ； 聚合簽章 ； 超級帳本 ； 鏈碼

並列摘要

With the advancement of Next Generation Sequencing technology, the speed of genome sequencing has been accelerated recently. The cost has also been greatly reduced due to this advanced technique. As we known, genomic research play an important role in the medical applications. For instance, it can be used for precision medicine, disease prevention and drug development, medical institutions. At present, more and more pharmaceutical manufacturers and biotechnology companies have invested in this research field. Purchasing and collecting genomic data for analysis has become prevalent. Due to the fact that genomic data is sensitive, issues such as privacy and ethics need to be considered. Therefore, in order to ensure the security of genomic data trading , we propose a framework based on consortium blockchain. In this paper, we make multiple gene companies form a consortium blockchain, users can conduct genomic sequencing services and genomic data trading, so that the data owners can sell the data for reward and the data buyers can easily buy lots of data at one time. In sequencing service, we use batch signature to be the sequencing log, and write the log onto blockchain. After that, genomic data trading can trace that record. In genomic data trading, we aggregate all the data and siganature which sell from data owners. It can verify multiple signature by a single step. We design the bargain mechanism and trading process, combine the characteristics of cryptography ,blockchain, smart contracts and digital signatures to achieve fair data trading, security and traceability, as well as maintain confidentiality, integrity and non-repudiation. To demonstrate utility, we simulate consortium blockchain and smart contracts on Hyperledger fabric.

並列關鍵字

Genome Sequencing Service ； Genomic Data Trading ； Blockchain ； Consortium Blockchain ； Smart Contract ； Batch Signature ； Hyperledger Fabric ； Chaincode

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