探討台灣長期照護福利制度對商業長照保險之影響

隨著台灣人口老化，生育率低，以及老化帶來的社會問題，逐漸引起政府對長照需求的重視，民國104年長照服務法經立法院三讀通過，並於106年正式上路。本研究鑒於一般民眾並不清楚長照福利制度的內容，特以長照服務法及長照保險法兩項重要法規為基礎，探討商業長照保險，能否充分補充社會長照保險的不足；此外，本研究亦探討民眾除了政府提供的長照福利制度外，是否需要自行購買商業長照保險。本研究發現： 1、台灣年輕族群自行投保商業長照保險之意願甚高。 2、近幾年來台灣的壽險保額不升反降，因而不利於民眾對人身風險的規劃。本研究因此建議： 1、年金改革應與老年福利制度整合：對於65歲以上的長者，應在長照保險與退休年金保險中擇一給付，除了降低保費之外，並預防道德危險。 2、值此低利率時代，民眾應設法提升壽險保額，以加強其對於人身風險的規劃功能。 3、台灣應學習法國增加生育補助，提高生育率，俾能正本清源，解決人口老化的問題。 4、政府應將商業長照保險的銷售及服務加以連貫，且予以規範，並配合優良之稅負制度，以鼓勵民眾自行購買商業長照保險，俾彌補長照福利制度之不足。

關鍵字

長照福利制度,商業長照保險

並列摘要

Along with the aging population and low fertility in Taiwan, various social problems have been incurred, so that Taiwanese Government paid serious attention to the great needs of long-term care welfare for the past years. The long-term care services law has been passed in 2016 and it will be officially established in 2017. However, the general public does not fully realize the contents of long-term care welfare system till now. This study thus, based on the long-term care service law and the long-term care insurance law, examines whether the long-term commercial insurance can supplement the inadequacy of long-term social insurance. This investigation also examines whether the public need to purchase commercial long-term care insurance in addition to the government’s long-term care welfare system. Empirical findings are summarized below: 1. The willing of young generation in Taiwan to buy their own commercial long-term care insurance is very high. 2. However, total amounts of life insurance does not rise in recent years, implying that it will be disadvantage for people’s life insurance planning. This study proposes the following four suggestions: 1. The pension reform should be integrated with the long-term care welfare system. For people who are 65 years old or higher, they should choose one of the long-term care insurance or the pension insurance plan in order to lower the premiums and to prevent moral hazard. 2. During this era of low interest rates, people should enlarge their life insurance coverage to facilitate the risk planning function. 3. Taiwan should follow France to increase the childbirth subsidies and improve fertility in order to solve the root of problem of population aging. 4. The commercial long-term care insurance sales should be combined with services and be regularized by Taiwanese government. Furthermore, the government should provide a gracious tax system to encourage people to buy their own commercial long-term care insurance to compensate for the inadequacy of long-term welfare system.