政府科技研究機構經營策略探討
－以某科技研發機構為例－

我國經過長期的經濟成長與工業發展，已從開發中國家躍升為新興工業國家，同時我國主要武器系統發展的軌跡，個案研究機構自民國五十八年成立以來，在國防科技相關領域己累積豐厚的研發產製能量,也由早期的軍援與軍購為主轉變到以自力研發為主，最後由於國際武器市場競爭的壓力下，再由自力研發轉變為外購為主，這種武器系統獲得政策的重大轉變，將嚴重影響國防武器自主研發能力的成長與維持。國防是國家經濟及外交的後盾，在科技產業競爭力的時代?堙A國防科技的發展不僅與國防的武力自主性息息相關，對國家經濟發展也相對扮演著重要的角色。近年來，由於國際冷戰的結束以及知識經濟時代的來臨，許多國家正在調整其國家資源的配置，基於研發能力與國家競爭力的相對重要性考量，成功的運用研究資源可以促進國力的昇級，並增強我國的國防科技以及國防工業的互動關係，達到國防自主與提昇國防科技能力的目標；如果資源運用不當，則可能造成國家競爭優勢的降低。本研究運用經營策略模式分析,希望從經營策略及競爭優勢分析等文獻進行分析探討，以個案研析等方式，深入暸解個案科技研究機構在組織與國家策略及未來如何運用本身專精之國防科技與系統整合經驗，將具有特色之核心技術持續精進國防科研武器裝備，並與民間廠商及國家型研究機構有效結合，將具有經濟效益之特殊產業關鍵性技術透過科專計畫、工業合作及國家型計畫執行與轉化，結合民間廠商與法人研究單位，開發及應用具有產業效益之軍民通用技術，並逐步邁向國際以期達成厚植國防科技於民生產業及建置國防科技產業之目的。

關鍵字

國家型計畫；系統發展；工業合作；科專計畫；競爭優勢

並列摘要

Emerging from the long-term economic growth and industrial development, the Republic of China has jumped into being a new industrial country from a developing country. At the same time, keeping track of ROC’s weapons system development, the Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology (CSIST) in this case, established in 1969, has been accumulating plentiful research and development (R&D) and mass-production capabilities in the national defense science and technology field. Therefore, the defense systems acquisition process has changed from purchasing to developing its own R&D and manufacturing capabilities. In response to the competitiveness pressure from the international defense systems market, the acquisition policy of ROC changed again from self-reliant R&D to procurement. This significant shifting in weapons system acquisition will affect severely the further growth and maintenance of its own R&D capability. National defense is the protective shield of a nation’s economy and diplomacy. In the competitive era of science and technology, the development of defense-related science and technology not only is hinged to self-sufficiency of a nation’s military strength, but also performs an important factor in its economic development. Ever since of the end of the cold war and the arriving of the knowledge economy, many countries have adjusted their allocation policy of national resources to one that is based on the relative importance placed on R&D capabilities and national competitiveness. Successful resources distribution can considerably upgrade a nation’s might, and strengthen the interaction between the national defense science and technology and the defense industry, which in turn will be able to bring about the aims of defense self-sufficiency and of enhancing the capabilities in the field of defense science and technology. If the resources are not apportioned appropriately, the national competitiveness could be seriously degraded. This study utilizes the managerial strategy analysis to examine and explore the subject case by taking advantage of literatures on managerial strategy and competition advantage analysis, and to ascertain comprehensively for CSIST how best to apply its well-established defense science and technology and the experiences in system integration to sustain its defense weapons systems improvement program, by making use of the core technology of its own characteristic. Furthermore, the institute will have to integrate the defense contractors and government financed research institutes in developing and transferring specific industrial critical technologies with economic effectiveness, by implementing the technology development program, the industrial cooperation program, and the national science program. CSIST should be playing a leading role in developing and transferring dual-use technologies with industrial effectiveness, combining the civil sector and government-funded research institutes in the effort progressively accomplish the objective of transplanting defense science and technologies into the civil sector and in this way, building a defense technology industry with a broad foundation.

並列關鍵字

Technology development program ； Competitiveness Advantage ； Industrial Cooperation Program (ICP) ； National Science Program ； System Development

參考文獻

(十一)、林峻宇，「公民營科技創新育成中心經營關鍵成功因素之研究」中原大學企業管理學系，2004年。

(十五)、葉文明，「企業經營策略與競爭優勢分析研究」，中原大學企業管理所，2006年。

(三)、Bard, J. F. et al, 1988, “An Integrated Approach to R&D Project Selection and Termination”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol.35, No.3, pp. 139-146.

(五)、Contractor, F. J., The role of licensing international strategy”, Columbia Journal of World Business”, Winter, 73-83, 1981.

(六)、 Cooper, R. G., 1981, “An Empirically Derived New Product Project Selection Model”, IEEE Transaction on Engineering Management, Vol.28, No.3, pp. 54-61

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政府科技研究機構經營策略探討－以某科技研發機構為例－

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