摘要
本論文將探討砂土滲透係數與阻塞量的關係，以試驗求出砂土的滲透係數、孔隙率、阻塞量等的內容，分成理論式和實際值兩部份加以比較阻塞量，並修正理論式以符合實際情況。 本試驗以標準砂、級配砂、現地砂等三種砂做清水滲透試驗及混濁水滲透試驗。首先把實驗砂分成九層做清水滲透試驗，量測各時間流量及各層水頭差，測得水頭差後利用達西定律，反推各層的滲透係數；接著將過200號篩的細砂倒入試驗儀器中做混濁水試驗，量測各時間流量及各層水頭差之變化，並反推各時間各層滲透係數值。由混濁水試驗的結果顯示，標準砂滲透係數最大、級配砂次之、現地砂最小，而流量的改變為現地砂變化最大、級配砂次之、標準砂最小。 從混濁水試驗水頭差變化值得知，最上層水頭差遠大於其他層，表示阻塞都發生在最上層。接著再計算阻塞量，本研究分為理論估計值與實際觀測值兩種方法來求阻塞量。使用理論式求解前，要先修正 ，因為加入過200號篩細砂改變原先的粒徑分佈，所以要重新修正 。修正完成後把阻塞量理論估計值與實際量測值加以比較，求出理論阻塞量和實際阻塞量的差異。結果顯示，標準砂的理論阻塞量推估值與實際量測值最接近，級配砂次之、現地砂差異最大，標準砂理論阻塞量約與實際值差2.49倍，級配砂理論阻塞量約與實際值差8.08倍，現地砂理論阻塞量約與實際值差8.30倍。
並列摘要
The article treats relation between coefficient of permeability of sand and blocking magnitude, by permeameter obtains coefficient of permeability of sand, porosity, blocking magnitude and so on, differentiates theory method and actual value to compare blocking magnitude, and corrects theory method in order to accord with actual condition. The permeameter uses normal sand, compound sand, live sand to do pure water permeameter and cloudy water permeameter. First, separates nine layer from experimental sand to do pure water permeameter, measures flow of every time and different water of every layer, then uses the Darcy's law deduce coefficient of permeability of every layer, follow emptying molecule sand of pass two hundred number normal sieve to experimental device does cloudy water permeameter, measures change of flow of every time and different water of every layer,then deduces coefficient of permeability of every time and every layer, the result of cloudy water permeameter shows, the coefficient of permeability of normal sand is maximum, compound sand is second, live sand is least, and change of flow is opposite. From the change of different water of cloudy water permeameter knows, stratosphere different water is large greater than other layer, show blocking condition exists in stratosphere, then computes blocking magnitude, differentiate theory approximate method and actual observation method gets blocking magnitude. Before using theory method, needs to correct particle size distribution, because enter molecule sand of pass two hundred number normal sieve changes original particle size distribution, so needs to correct particle size distribution once again. After compares theory approximate value and actual observation value, obtains difference of them. The result shows, the theory approximate value and actual observation value of normal sand is close, compound sand is second, live sand is large difference. The normal sand differentiates 2.49 times, the compound sand differentiates 8.08 times, the live sand differentiates 8.30 times.