應用環境足跡衝擊評估方法於產品設計

Apply Environmental Footprint Impact Assessment Method in Product Design

李以勒(Yi-Le Li)

指導教授 ： 郭財吉

中原大學/電機資訊學院/工業與系統工程研究所/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201700718

摘要

隨著全球暖化日漸嚴重，也逐漸喚醒環境保護的重要性，而使用環保產品，能促進環保意識的傳達。然而目前企業評估產品對環境的衝擊，大多是以碳足跡、水足跡等單一環境類別做為評估，卻忽略其他可能造成環境影響的因子。藉由歐盟委員會提出，以現有碳足跡架構並整合多項環境評估指標之環境足跡，將可對環境衝擊描述更為完整。由於環境足跡的發展仍然屬於萌芽期，目前的研究成果雖然有但並不多，因此本研究目標為嘗試利用環境足跡以輔助設計者選擇適合的材料，以降低產品的環境衝擊。另外，使用不同材料也會對成本有所影響，如此則成為一個多目標的問題。
為了解決上述問題，研究中會蒐集分析供應商所提供之數據。首先利用生命週期評估方法，針對產品進行評估，包括：範疇界定，生命週期盤查，生命週期評估，以分析出原料與製造階段各物料及資源占總環境排放的比重以及各環境類別之特性，再來透過定義代表性之環境衝擊水準，選出具代表性環境類別讓環境足跡對於產品特性有更加清楚的呈現。最終透過多目標柏拉圖分析，得出多個可行解，並從中選出合適的方案，幫助產品設計者選擇對於環境友善，同時又具有成本優勢的物料，藉以增加企業競爭力，邁向企業永續發展的未來。

關鍵字

環境足跡 ； 環境衝擊指標 ； 多目標最佳化 ； 正規化約束法

並列摘要

With the increasing of global warming, but also the importance of environmental protection gradually awakens. To use environmentally friendly product, can promote the awareness of environmental protection. However, the current enterprise assessment of the impact of products on the environment, mostly carbon footprint, water footprint and other single environmental categories as an assessment, had ignore other factors that may cause environmental impact. By the European Commission raise the concept of environment footprint, that the integration of multiple-environmental assessment indicators, and the structure of the base on carbon footprint will be able to describe the integrity of environmental impact. Since the development of the environmental footprint is still budding, the current research result are still insufficient. Due to the above descriptions, this study aim to use environmental footprint to help designer choose the appropriate material to reduce the impact that product affect to the environment. In addition, using different material will affect the cost. Therefore, it becomes a multi-objective problem.
In order to solve above problem, this study will collect and analyze the data provided by the suppliers. First, using life cycle assessment methods for product evaluation, include: the scope definition, life cycle inventory, life cycle assessment to analyze the raw materials and manufacturing stages of the material and resources accounted proportion of total environmental emissions, and the feature of each environmental category, second, the define the representative environmental impact levels, select a representative environmental category to make the environmental footprint more clearly visible for product characteristics. Finally, the use of the multi-objective Pareto method, we obtain multiple sets of solutions, and choose the appropriate program to help product designer not only choice the product that is friendly to environment, but also has the cost advantage. In order to increase the competitiveness of enterprise, and head towards the future of sustainable development.

並列關鍵字

Environmental footprint ； Impact Indicators ； Multi-objective Optimization ； Normalized normal constraint method

參考文獻

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