- 學位論文
我國與日本及中國大陸收養制度之比較—以未成年子女最佳利益為中心
The Comparison of the Adoption Institution of Japan, China and R.O.C.-Focus on the Best Interest of Minor Children
摘要
收養係我國自古以來即存在的制度，時至今日，收養制度逐漸的轉向 以未成年子女最佳利益為主。且從1989 年聯合國兒童權利公約簽署後，其所揭示之「未成年子女最佳利益」原則已成為各國親子法所遵循的最高立法準則，我國亦不例外。故本文乃將著重於未成年子女最佳利益，而以中國大陸和日本之收養制度做為比較對象，藉以發現我國不足之處，以作為未來修法之參考。 本文之研究方式，主要為收集我國與日本及中國大陸收養法制之相關 文獻，包括法規、書籍、期刊論文、學位論文等，加以整理比較。本文共 分為七章，第一章為緒論將敘述本論文研究的動機與目的，並說明本題目 之研究範圍與架構。第二章介紹我國收養制度之沿革。第三章介紹與分析 2007 年修正後之收養法和修法後問題之解決方式。第四章介紹日本法上之收養制度，並剖析普通養子女制度與特別養子女制度。第五章介紹中國大陸之收養制度。第六章則針對我國及日本與中國大陸收養法制進行探討分析，而主要聚焦於未成年子女之最佳利益比較上。除提出我國現行法不當之處外，更提出相關具體之立法建議，以供我國將來修法之參考。最後，第七章則總結上述之內容，提出檢討建議，以期能修正我國現有法制不足之處，維護未成年子女之最佳利益。
並列摘要
Adoption is an existing system. But nowdays, adoption institution focus on the best interest of minor children. Since the Convention on the Rights of the Child was concluded by the United Nations in 1989, “the best interests of the child principle” proclaimed has become the highest standard complied by many nations to legislate for family laws. Taiwan is no exception. So the article is focus on the best interest of minor children and competitive on the adoption institution of Japan, China and R.O.C. , and it could understand differences of the adoption institution between R.O.C. ,Japan and China and find out what should be amended. The method of the research is to compare and analyze legal documents concerning the adoption rules between R.O.C. , Japan and China. This includes scholars’ writings, graduate theses and journal articles. This thesis is divided into seven chapters. The chapter 1 「Preface」 describes the motive and aim of the research and illustrates the scope and structure of the subject. In Chapter 2, we will introduce the history of adoption institution of R.O.C. and in Chapter 3, we will introduce the new adoption law in May of 2007 and offer a solution to solve the problems. In Chapter 4 introduce the adoption institution of Japan. There are two adoption institutions in Japan. One is adoption , the other is special adoption. In Chapter 5 introduce the adoption institution of China. Chapter 6 is Competitive on the adoption Institution of Japan, China and R.O.C. and focus on the best interest of minor children. So Chapter 6 not only find out the inadequacies of current regulations but also advance the adoption institution of R.O.C. Finally , in Chapter 7 sum ups the contents above. Related suggestions are made so as to help amend the insufficiency of the existing legal system in Taiwan, and maintain the best interest of minor children .