高密度集合住宅高齡者對社區開放空間之需求

The Need of Aged People for Community Open Space in the High Density Housing Complex

黃惠鈴(Hui-Ling Huang)

指導教授 ： 倪晶瑋

共同指導教授 ： 曹拯元(Tsaur-Jeeng Yuan)

中原大學/設計學院/建築研究所/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu202100970

摘要

依聯合國的定義，65歲以上人口佔整個社會人口超過7％就是「高齡化社會」(aging)，超過14％是「高齡社會」，超過20％是「超高齡社會」。我國老年人口占全國人口比率自1993年達7％進入高齡化社會後，2018年進一步超過14%，轉為高齡社會。預估於2025年，老年人口占比將超過20%，成為超高齡社會。由於受到都市化的影響，居住型態逐漸轉變為高密度、高層化的集合大樓，住宅樓層的垂直分化，降低高齡者在社區中的活動機會與身體功能。因此社區中的開放空間，除滿足實質休閒活動的功能外，更應在高齡社會中，具備維持高齡者身體基本功能之目的。本研究研究目的為：了解高齡者對高密度集合住宅社區開放空間的需求與社區開放空間中適宜的體健設施。在研究方法方面，以文獻回顧、個案分析、田野調查等方式，探討高齡者對於社區開放空間需求與國內外體健設施種類。研究結果：高齡者退休後，以從事休閒性活動達到社交的效果，與保持日常生活基本活動能力為主。在6大類型的體健設施中，以上肢肌力與下肢肌力需求最高；其次為核心肌群與腰腹臀功能體健設施；需求最低者為平衡感、手眼協調設施。後續研究建議，體健設施的種類之選擇，在預算有限之前提下，應配合社區高齡者年齡的分布情況，分期添置。故未來之研究，可陸續進行在地化之研究。

關鍵字

高齡社會 ； 戶外體健設施 ； 高齡友善城市

並列摘要

According to the United Nations, a society can be classified based on the percentage of its population over the age of 65: those exceeding 7% are called "Aging Society", those exceeding 14% are called "Senior Society", and those exceeding 20% are called "Super-Aged Society". Taiwan reached the “Aging Society” threshold in 1993, the “Senior Society” threshold in 2018, and is expected to reach the “Super-Aged Society” threshold by 2025. As a result of urbanization, housing has trended towards high-rise and high-density housing complexes. These inhabitants, especially the elderly, have fewer opportunities to exercise in open spaces, negatively impacting their physical health. Therefore, community open spaces should go beyond serving recreational purposes and provide facilities for the maintenance of elderly physical fitness. The purpose of this study is to identify: (1) the needs of the elderly pertaining to the use of community open space, and (2) the physical fitness facilities that will meet these needs. Through literature review, case analysis, and fieldwork, this study will discuss these needs, and analyze the types of physical fitness facilities currently available in Taiwan and overseas. Results reveal that retirees focus on: (1) meeting their social needs by engaging in recreational activities, and (2) maintaining their physical fitness for daily activities. Among the six types of physical fitness facilities, increasing upper and lower limb muscle strength is the most crucial, followed by improving core muscle strength and hip mobility, and lastly improving balance and hand-eye coordination. Future research should focus on localization, specifically, arranging the stage-wise allocation of these physical fitness facilities based on the available budget and the ratio of the elderly in a given community.

並列關鍵字

senior society ； outdoor physical fitness facilities ； age-friendly city

參考文獻

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