尋找上帝的兒子：梅監務(1865-1940)在中台灣的傳教歷程

Looking for Son of God : The Missionary Movements and Impact of Campbell N. Moody(1865-1940) in Central Taiwan

王右軍(Iu-kun Ong)

指導教授 ： 吳昶興

中原大學/人文與教育學院/宗教研究所/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201900257

摘要

梅監務(1865-1940)是英國長老會在中台灣發展過程中的關鍵人物。1895年，他受到海外宣教運動的影響來台灣，與蘭大衛(1870-1957)一同受派到中台灣傳教。傳教活動主要的範圍就是日治時期的台中州。從1895-1924年間，他陸續在中台灣佈道、建立教會，加總約18年。過程中成立20間堂會，這些堂會是1930年台中中會成立的骨幹。因此，梅監務在中部的努力，不容忽視。
梅監務在中台灣的工作主要是佈道、教育信徒與傳道者，以及鼓勵台灣教會自養以預備自立。他日復一日的佈道，留下鮮明的形象，最被人熟悉的一句佈道詞就是「上帝的兒子不見了！」。本文從他的傳記與著作，整理出他佈道的動機、目的、對象，及佈道範圍與的成果。
教育工作對梅監務來說最具挑戰性。為了使加入教會的信徒認識正確的福音──以改革宗神學為準，他以《談論道理》(TÂM-LŪN TŌ-LÍ)教導基本教義，這卷書可說是改革宗神學的教理問答的台灣修訂版。另外，為了加強台灣傳道者的講道，他編著《羅馬書：1-8章》(LÔ-MÁ-PHOE: I kàu VIII Chiu)，其中除了說明信稱義的福音，也鼓勵信徒過著成聖的生活。
在鼓勵教會自養的過程，梅監務本身是奉獻的典範。他奉獻的動機是出於信仰──學耶穌的模樣，目的則是了建立信仰的群體──教會。
最後，本論文分析梅監務的白話字作品梳理他的神學思想。觀察他對上帝、耶穌基督的救恩、聖靈引導的生活等論述，他的神學屬於改革宗與清教徒的傳統。不過面對在台灣宗教文化背景下生活的信徒，他勢必有所回應。他的回應是，將信仰的對象分層次。對於初信者，他強調獨一上帝的存在，並以及含有改革宗教義的見證或喻道故事呈現信仰。對於具有「罪的意識」的人，他才會進一步說明赦罪之道與聖經的教義。他的做法，顯出在佈道活動中，運用見證及喻道故事的重要性。

關鍵字

梅監務 ； 長老教會 ； 白話字

並列摘要

Campbell. N. Moody(1865-1940) was an important person while English Presbyterian Mission developed in central Taiwan. In 1895, he went to Taiwan due to vocation that found from Overseas missionary movement. He was assigned to central Taiwan doing missionary work. David Landsborough (1870-1957) was his partner at the time. During the Japanese-ruled Period , the region that he did missionary work was located in Taichung State, the center of this area was Chiang-hoa city. He preached and established churches intermittently at mid-Formosa from 1895 to 1924, add up to18 years. During this period, 20 churches were established, which was the backbone of Presbytarian churches of Taichung when Taichung Presbytarian churches were started in the year 1930. Therefore, the effort Moody had made can not be neglected.
The most work Moody did was to preach, as well as Christians and local preachers education. Moreover, he encouraged that Taiwan churches could be self-supporting , then preparing to be independent. He preached day by day, which has remained an obvious image. “God’s son was missing” was a famous sentence what he said.
The most challenge for him was education. In order to help Taiwan christians appreciate Orthodox Christianity-- based on Reformed Theology, he wrote a book “TÂM-LŪN TŌ-LÍ ” to teach them what is Christian doctrine. This book was considered to be Taiwan edition of Catechism of Reformed theology.
Moreover, he compiled a book named : “LÔ͘-MÁ-PŌE”, which including the righteousness that comes from God on the basis of faith and be sanctified . His expectation was to strengthen preachers’ sermon of contents through this book.
He was a model of offering in terms of church self-supporting. Jesus behaved in Bible, he followed suit due to implicit faith in God. In addition, this behavior helped churches establish the faith community.
Chapter Four analyzed Moody’s theology which came from his pe̍h-ōe-jī (Taiwanese) books. This is a study of his thinking about God, salvation of Jesus, and the guide of life by Holy spirit. His theological thought was based on Reformed theology and Puritan theology. However, Moody needed to respond to the fact that Taiwan christians had their cultural and region’s heritage. He considered that believers divided two groups, one has ”consciousness of sin” while the other not. For believers who had not consciousness of sin, he highlighted the existence of God, and used stories or christian testimonies that contain Reformed theology creeds in his sermons. For those believers who had consciousness of sin, he preached about God’s forgiveness as well as the contents and text of Bible in depth. His activity awoke missionaries that testimony can be a significant force.

並列關鍵字

Campbell N. Moody ； The Presbyterian Church in Taiwan ； pe̍h-ōe-jī

參考文獻

參考書目

一、 梅監務著作

Campbell N. Moody, The Heathen Heart: An Account of the Reception of the Gospel Among the Chinese of Formosa, Edinburngh and London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1907.

Mui Kàm-bū, Lô-Má-Phoe: I kàu VIII Chiuⁿ, Tâi-Lâm : Tsu-tin tông ,1908.

Campbell N. Moody, The Saints of Formosa: Life and Worship in a Chinese Church , Edinburngh and London: Oliphant, Anderson & Ferrier, 1912.