體重與憂鬱之關聯：知覺過重、身體意象不滿、人際拒絕敏感之中介角色

研究背景與目的：目前全球的過重肥胖率不斷攀升，台灣的過重肥胖問題也隨世界潮流越趨嚴重。許多研究一致顯示，過重與憂鬱之間具有一定的關係。國外也已有研究發現，身體意象不滿、知覺過重、人際拒絕敏感可能為兩者間的中介變項，然而目前台灣仍沒有研究探討過重與憂鬱間可能的心理中介變項。迄今似乎也仍沒有研究探討這些變項間可能的關係。因此，本研究主要探討，身體意象不滿、知覺過重與人際拒絕敏感，在過重與憂鬱間的中介效果，並測試這些變項間可能的直接／間接路徑。研究方法：280位大學學生，與278位社區民眾，共558位受試者 ( 男性176人，女性382人 ) 參與研究。所有受試者被要求填寫基本資料問卷以評估BMI、最早過重時間與其他社會人口變項，貝克憂鬱量表評估憂鬱症狀，中文版多向度自我身體關系問卷－自我體重分類分量表測量知覺體重，飲食障礙問卷－身體意象不滿分量表量測身體意象不滿，與體重相關的拒絕敏感量表評估人際拒絕敏感。研究結果：結果顯示，不論性別、年齡，與最早過重年齡，BMI能透過知覺體重中介，對憂鬱症狀造成影響。在相同統計控制下，知覺體重又能分別透過身體意象不滿和人際拒絕敏感中介，對憂鬱症狀造成影響。最後，不論性別、年齡，與最早過重年齡，BMI能通過較重的知覺體重，分別影響身體意象不滿與人際拒絕敏感，進而導致較多的憂鬱症狀。討論與結論：過重或肥胖個體之所以憂鬱，最關鍵的因素為他們對於自己體重過重的知覺。這種知覺會讓過重或肥胖的個體較容易受到「社會身分威脅」，影響其對自己的看法與預期他人對於自己的看法，進而產生心理困擾。

關鍵字

過重／肥胖；知覺體重；身體意象；拒絕敏感；憂鬱

並列摘要

Background and purpose: At present, the global rate of overweight and obesity is rising, and the problem of overweight and obesity in Taiwan is also becoming more and more serious in global trend. Many studies have consistently shown that there is a certain relationship between overweight/obesity and depression. Past studies have also found that body image dissatisfaction, perceived overweight, and interpersonal sensitivity may be the mediating variables between the overweight and depression, but little is known about the potential psychological mediating variables between overweight and depression in Taiwan. At the same time, there seems to be no research to investigate the possible relationships between these variables. Therefore, this study investigated the mediating effects of body image dissatisfaction, perceived overweight, and interpersonal rejection sensitivity between overweight/obesity and depression, and tested the possible direct /indirect pathway of these variables. Methods: A total of 558 subjects (176 males and 382 females), including 280 university students and 278 community participants, attended the study. All participants were administered to receive the following self-report questionnaires: Sociodemographic Questionnaire for BMI, earliest overweight onset, and other sociodemographic variables, the Beck Depression Inventory for depressive symptoms, the Chinese version of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire- Self-Classified Weight subscale for perceived weight, the Eating Disorders Inventories-Body Dissatisfaction subscale for body image dissatisfaction, and the Weight-Based Rejection Sensitivity Scale for interpersonal sensitivity. Results: The results showed that BMI mediated depressive symptoms through perceived weight, regardless of gender, age, and earliest overweight onset. Under the same statistical control condition, perceived weight mediated depressive symptoms through body image dissatisfaction and interpersonal rejection sensitivity, respectively. Finally, regardless of gender, age, and earliest overweight age, BMI mediated more body image dissatisfaction and interpersonal rejection sensitivity through heavier perceived body weight, which ultimately led to more depressive symptoms. Discussion and conclusion: The most critical factor for overweight or obese individuals to be depressed was their perception of their own overweight. This perception makes those individuals more vulnerable to the "social identity threat" and affect the way they view themselves and how they expect others to view them, resulting in psychological distress.

並列關鍵字

overweight/obesity ； perceived weight ； body image ； rejection sensitivity ； depression

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