再探華人成就動機之內涵-跨世代的比較

Reinvestigation of Chinese Achievement Motivation : A Cross-Generation Comparison

鄭仲凱(CHUNG-KAI CHENG)

指導教授 ： 李明彥 ； 丁姵元

中原大學/商學院/企業管理學系/碩士(2023年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu202301114

摘要

成就動機一直以來都被許多心理學家所關注，其中針對華人成就動機之內涵探討大多侷限在單一世代。本研究將以跨世代做比較再探華人成就動機之內涵，將以Z世代（五名）與X世代（五名）為研究樣本，使用質性研究之方法，邀請受訪者進行訪談，再探華人成就動機，並將成就動機概念切分成【動機性質】、【成就目標】、【成就行為】和【行為後果的評價】四個部分，分別探討兩個世代的異同。

透過研究發現，與過往針對華人成就動機的研究對比下，過往會認為華人的成就動機大多為社會取向型成就動機，但本研究發現情況並不完全相同，包括：1.在動機性質階段，X世代與Z世代皆有表現個我取向，並且在表現程度上大致相同；2. 在成就目標階段，X世代與Z世代皆有表現個我取向，但這種個我取向在Z世代中更長見；3. 在成就行為階段，X世代與Z世代皆有表現個我取向，這種個我取向同樣在Z世代更為常見；在行為後果的評價階段，X世代與Z世代皆有表現個我取向，但X世代有更多的社會取向表現。

關鍵字

成就動機 ； 個我取向成就動機 ； 社會取向成就動機

並列摘要

The achievement motivation has always been of interest to many psychologists, with most of the exploration of the Chinese achievement motivation limited to a single generation. This study will compare the Chinese achievement motivation across generations by using Z generation (five people) and X generation (five people) as samples for research. Using qualitative research methods, the interviewees will be invited to explore the Chinese achievement motivation and the concept of motivation will be divided into four parts: "Motivational Properties", "Achievement Goals", "Achieving Behaviors", and "Evaluation of Behaviors". The similarities and differences between the two generations will be explored in each part.

The study found that compared to previous research on the Chinese achievement motivaion, it is not entirely the same as previously thought that the Chinese achievement motivation is mainly socially oriented. This includes: 1. In the stage of motivational properties, both X and Z generations showed self-directed motivation, and the degree of expression was roughly the same; 2. In the stage of achievement goals, both X and Z generations showed self-directed motivation, but this self-directed motivation was more prevalent in Z generation; 3. In the stage of achieving behaviors, both X and Z generations showed self-directed motivation, and this self-directed motivation was also more common in Z generation; In the evaluation stage of behavior outcomes, both X and Z generations showed self-directed motivation, but X generation showed more socially oriented expressions.

並列關鍵字

achievement motivation ； individual-oriented achievement motivation ； social-oriented achievement motivation

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