太陽光電應用於台灣住戶之可行性分析及節能減碳效益評估

Feasibility Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Application in Taiwan Households and Evaluation of Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction Benefit

張澤仁(TSE-JEN CHANG)

指導教授 ： 王雅玢

中原大學/工學院/環境工程學系/碩士(2023年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu202301083

摘要

我國再生能源截至2021年底裝置容量為11,584.6MW，占台灣總發電設備59375.4 MW之19.51%。2021年度台灣再生能源發電量為17,428GWh，占台灣總發電量比例為5.99%[能源統計月報，2022]。如何能達到2025年再生能源裝置容量達27GW，再生能源發電量占總發電量比例達20%之「非核家園」目標，除了仰賴公部門之建設，民間之參與亦非常重要。
太陽光電設施是目前民間參與再生能源最好的投資之一，我國自民國91年即開始補助住戶於屋頂設置太陽能光電設施，惟近10年申請補助之件數僅2000件，成效較同緯度其他國家並非顯著，原因可能是宣導效果不彰以及民眾對太陽光電設施之效益不明。本論文針對台中市107年之裝設個案進行成本效益評估，同時以3E工程評估方法對既有之再生能源進行比較，結果顯示於住宅屋頂裝設太陽能光電設施益本比高達231.71%、回收年限小於12年，且在各再生能源技術中為綜合效益最高之技術，顯示我國推動住宅屋頂裝設太陽光電設施是可行並有助於我國達到2050年淨零排放之目標。
住戶屋頂設置太陽光電設施是民間幫助各國政府達到嚴苛淨零排放目標之重要選項之一，不但效益高且初設成本亦為所有再生能源技術中最低，依據我國地理位置，中南部日照時數較北部地區長，建議可為主要推動之地區，後續之研究可預估我國太陽光電設施之發電量，同時評估及檢討是否可協助我國達到非核家園之目標。

關鍵字

太陽能

並列摘要

As of the end of 2021, the renewable energy installed capacity of Taiwan was 11,584.6MW, accounting for 19.51% of Taiwan's total power generation equipment of 59375.4 MW. In 2021, Taiwan's renewable energy power generation would be 17,428GWh, accounting for 5.99% of Taiwan's total power generation [Energy Statistics Monthly Report, 2022]. How to achieve the goal of a "non-nuclear home" with a renewable energy installation capacity of 27GW in 2025 and renewable energy power generation accounting for 20% of the total power generation, in addition to relying on the construction of the public sector, the participation of the private sector was also very important.
Solar photovoltaic facilities are currently one of the best private investments in renewable energy. Since 2002, Taiwan has been subsidizing households to install solar photovoltaic facilities on the roofs. However, the number of applications for subsidies in the past 10 years was only 2,000 cases. The effect was not significant compared with other countries at the same latitude. The reason might be propaganda was ineffective and the public was not clear about the benefits of solar photovoltaic facilities. The purpose of this study conducted a cost-benefit assessment of 2018 installation cases in Taichung City which compares existing renewable energy with the 3E engineering assessment method. The results showed that the cost-benefit ratio of solar photovoltaic facilities installed on residential roofs was as high as 231.71% and the payback period was less than 12 year. The highest comprehensive benefit among all renewable energy technologies showed it was feasible for Taiwan to promote the installation of solar photovoltaic facilities on residential roofs and help Taiwan achieved the goal of net zero emissions in 2050.

並列關鍵字

Solar

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