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  • 學位論文

以運算轉導放大器設計電壓式萬用濾波電路之非理想之改進

Non-ideal Effect and Improvement of Voltage Mode OTA-C Universal

指導教授 : 張俊明

摘要


在類比濾波器電路設計中,利用運算轉導放大器(Operational Transconductance Amplifier,簡稱OTA)與電容器(C)做類比電路設計是一個值得研究的方向,其主要原因為運算轉導放大器(OTA)可以等效為一個主動元件及一個電阻器,使得其所設計的電路具備以下優點: (1)使用單端輸入的OTA(可免除寄生電容的Feed-through效應),(2)使用接地電容(可直接吸收寄生電容),(3)使用最少的主動元件,且所有外加電容位置恰好與所有寄生電容的位置相同,吸收了寄生電容,並減少寄生效應對整體電路的影響。 雖然OTA-C的電路結構已經簡化了,由於寄生電容效應種類繁多與內部的非理想效應,會使得輸出訊號與理倫訊號產生一定的誤差,尤其電路操作在高頻時,這些寄生的效應會越明顯,所以電路在高頻時,所產生的寄生效應的探討就變得非常重要 本論文是以OTA-C的二階萬用濾波電路作為研究,先是求出電路的轉移函數,選擇合適的輸入及輸出端點,實現低通、高通、帶通、帶拒及全通的五種輸出訊號 ,接著使用Butterworth理論的二階濾波器,利用H-spice摸擬電路,比較電路的輸出波形是否與理論相符。接著對電路做敏感度的模擬與分析,討論電路因系統參數的改變對整個電路輸出訊號造成的影響,以敏感度模擬得出的結果,使得電路的輸出訊號誤差有合理的調整依據,最後利用tuning的動作來消除輸出訊號的誤差。接著以OTA的可調性調整OTA的偏壓電流(Ibias),使得電路可在不改變C值的情況下應用在其它的頻率上。 接著討論非理想效應對電路所造成的影響。最後,本論文以H-spice軟體進行電路模擬,所使用製程參數為TSMC0.35μm,並於實際模擬結果與理論之間相互得到驗證。

並列摘要


Abstract It is worthy of research to do the analogue circuit using Operational Transconductance Ampplifiers (OTAs) and Capacitors , because an OTA with the property of an active element can replace a resistor such that no resistors will be needed in the integrated circuit. In addition, the equivalent resistor value can be electronically tuned by varying the bias current. At present, OTA circuit is designed the best circuit with minimum error generally acknowledgedly, and possessed three following advantages at the same time: (i) using single-ended-input OTAs (overcoming the feed-through effect due to the use of differential-input OTAs), (ii) using grouded capacitors (absorbing the shunt parasitic capacitance), and (iii) using the minimum components and all the parasitic capacitances have the same places as those of all the given capacitors in the realized circuits.

並列關鍵字

OTA Filter

參考文獻


[1]C. M. Chang, ” New Multifunction OTA-C Biquads”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems—II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, vol. 46, no. 6, pp.820-824, June 1999.
[2]C. M. Chang, and S. K. Pai, “Universal Current-Mode OTA-C Biquad with the Minimum Components”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems—I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, vol. 47, no. 8, pp.1037-1040, Aug. 2000.
[3]M. T. Abuelma'atti, and A. Bentrcia, ” New Universal Current-mode Multiple-Input Multiple-Output OTA-C Filter”, The 2004 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems,Tainan, Taiwan, pp.1037-1040, Dec. 2004.
[5]Y. Sumi, T. Tsukutani, and Y. Fukui,” A Realization of Biquadratic Circuit Transfer Functions using OTA-C Integrator Loop Structure”, Proceedings of 2005 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems, pp.13-16, Dec. 2005
[7]M. Bialko and R. W. Newcomb, “Generation of All Finite Linear Circuits Using Integrate DVCCS”, IEEE Trans. on Circuit Theory, vol. 18, no. 6, pp.733–736, Nov. 1971.

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