行動電話電磁波對醫療儀器的影響評估

Evaluation the Electromagnetic Interference of Biomedical Instrument by the Cellular Telephone

蘇永基(Yung-Ji Su)

指導教授 ： 王士豪

中原大學/工學院/醫學工程研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200901039

摘要

摘要
雖然行動電話的發射功率已經大幅度的降低，但所存在的行動電話電
磁波仍可能對醫療儀器產生電磁干擾EMI(electric magnetic interference)；
所以國內大多數醫院都已對行動電話的使用加以限制，通常允許低功率
PHS (personal handy-phone system)的通訊為主。然而PHS 屬都會型的通訊
功能，在郊區或遠距通訊的品質較不良，所以可能會對緊急醫療通訊的連
絡需求造成不便。
本研究分別安排模擬基地台設定固定功率的行動電話發射電磁波與一
般通話調變功率的行動電話發射電磁波，評估其對醫療儀器的干擾影響。
模擬基地台分別產生2G/GSM(global system for mobile
communication)/33dBm 、2G/GSM/24dBm 與3G/CDMA(code division
multiple access)/24dBm 三種通訊模式； 一般實際通話測試則使用
2G/DCS(digital communication system)與3G/CDMA 兩種通訊模式，量測行
動電話對醫療儀器可產生干擾的最短距離與干擾情況。
以三種通訊模式測試132 部醫療儀器後顯示，2G/GSM/33dBm 對35
部、2G/GSM/24dBm 對14 部、3G/CDMA/24dBm 對5 部醫療儀器分別產
生電磁波干擾現象。以一般通話模式分別測試42 部醫療儀器，其中2G/DCS
距離醫療儀器10 公分時，對4 部儀器發生電磁波干擾現象；而3G/CDMA
則無干擾現象產生。本研究結果證實使用較大發射功率下，行動電話的電
磁波仍會干擾醫療儀器的正常工作，尤其2G 系統使用TDMA(time division
multiple access)技術比較容易干擾具感應線圈的儀器，而3G 系統因使用
CDMA 技術沒有時槽切換問題，較不易對儀器產生干擾；一般行動電話的
通話發射功率比較低，對醫療儀器的干擾也較少。

關鍵字

GSM ； 行動電話 ； DCS ； EMI ； 電磁干擾 ； TDMA ； CDMA

並列摘要

Abstract
Although the emission power of cellular phones has been reduced largely,
the existed electromagnetic waves could produce electromagnetic interference
(EMI) to medical equipments. Therefore most of domestic hospitals inhibit the
use of cellular phones in hospitals except the allowance with that of low power
PHS (personal handy-phone system) communication. However, PHS is capable
of better communication in a city and that its quality is not well for the
communication at those remote areas or long distance applications. It hence
could cause inconvenience for the need of emergency medical communication.
In this study, a simulated base station able to emit electromagnetic waves
a fix power from cellular phones and that of general use of cellular phones with
modulated power were arranged to assess their interfences on medical
equipments. Three communication modes, including 2G/GSM(global system
for mobile communication)/33dBm, 2G/GSM/24dBm, 3G/CDMA(code
division multiple access)/24dBm, were generated from a simulated base station
and those two modes including 2G/DCS (digital communication system) and
3G/CDMA were generated from that of general use of cellular phones. The
shortest distance and degree of inference for the application of cellular phones
onto that of medical equipment were measured.
Results about measurements from 132 medical equipments showed that
there are 35, 14, and 5 sets of equipments may be interfered by communication
modes of 2G/GSM/33dBm, 2G/GSM/24dBm, 3G/CDMA/24dBm, 2G GSM
33dBm tests by 35 sets, respectively. Moreover, testings implemented from 42
medical equipments with two communication modes of general use of cellular
phones demonstrated that within the distance of 10 cm between a cellular
phone and equipment, 4 sets of equipments may be interfered under 2G/DCS
mode and that was not found under the implementation of a 3G/CDMA mode.
Results of this study verified that the electromagnetic waves of a larger
emission power emitted from cellular phones may still interfere with the
normal operation of medical equipments. The 2G system using a TDMA (time
devision multiple access) technique may easily interfere with those instruments
equipped with induction coils and that of the 3G system without time slot
switching problem associated with the application of CDMA technique does
not interfere with medical equipments significantly. Due to lower emission
power, those general uses of cellular phones seem to be able to minimally
interfere with the medical equipment.

並列關鍵字

CDMA ； EMI ； GSM ； DCS ； electromagnetic interference ； TDMA ； Cellular Phone

參考文獻

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interference of cellular phones on electronic medical equipment in the