探討活性碳對水溶液中重金屬銅、鈀、鎳之吸附 程序

Adsorption of Copper、Palladium and Nickel in the Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon

凌景宏(Ching-hung Ling)

指導教授 ： 鍾財王

中原大學/工學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200901234

摘要

中文摘要

本研究主要探討活性碳對水溶液中重金屬離子之吸附分離程序，由於活性碳本身為天然物之加工產品，俱備特殊的吸附、脫附性質，製作簡易，並可回收作二次、三次甚至多次的再生利用，又因其成本低對某些貴金屬的回收有利，故可以利用此方法，在吸附金屬後，進行焚化活性碳不再回收的方式處理。本研究並以PCB實廠電鍍製程之銅、鈀、鎳金屬廢液，進行活性碳吸附重金屬的驗證。本實驗使用重金屬標準液經稀釋使一定濃度重金屬溶於純水中，在不同溫度，不同濃度下，探討活性碳本身之表面性質、及水溶液中不同重金屬離子之吸附平衡值。實驗結果發現，水溶液中金屬離子會受到活性碳吸附作用的影響，其濃度隨著吸附時間增加，而逐漸下降。在本實驗條件下，活性碳吸附平衡實驗以金屬離子水溶液pH為5，攪拌速度300rpm 及溫度 30℃/45℃/60℃，求得其相關的等溫吸附曲線。此外，對於水溶液中含重金屬離子之吸附程序，計算單位重量活性碳對金屬離子之平衡吸附量(uptake），並將實驗數據以Langmuir isotherm模式迴歸，其等溫吸附平衡曲線迴歸之R2值趨近於1。經由空白實驗證明燒杯中的玻璃槽壁對於金屬離子並無吸附效果；而活性碳吸附水中重金屬之實驗結果發現，在溫度60℃金屬離子水溶液pH值為5時，活性碳對水溶液含重金屬Pd+有最佳的吸附效果，pd+之最大吸附量為20.56mg/g，在相同溫度60℃時，Cu2+之最大吸附量為1.04 mg/g，Ni+之最大吸附量為0.31mg/g。

關鍵字

吸附 ； 重金屬 ； 等溫吸附平衡曲線 ； 活性碳

並列摘要

Abstract

This research mainly discuss the procedure of using activated carbon to absorb metal ion in aqueous solution . Activated Carbon material are natural organic by product, it has special characteristic for absorption and non-absorption. However, it can be produce with easy, and it can be recycle for many times. Activited carbon is a very low cost by product and can be burn and recycle for valuable metals that has attached to its surface. The main research on activated carbon absorption process is to discuss the level of metal ion are absorbed in aqueous solution . For simulation, PCB plating process, in the production system are using massive of copper, Palladium, and nickel are the representative ion for heavy metal surface treatment. Moreover, by using the heavy metal standard solution to cause certain concentration of heavy metal after the dilution to dissolve in the pure water, due to diffiliation, different kind, different temperature, and different concentration to discuss activated carbon surface properties, to understand how water-soluble fluid effect heavy metal ion by fractionation and absorption.The experimental result has discover, when activated carbon adsorption procedure not saturated, the metallic ion can adsorbing capacity will be influenced, in which ion concentration drops along with the activated charcoal adsorptive capacity, achieves saturated along with the activated carbon adsorption procedure, the activated carbon will stops the adsorbing function.Under this experimental condition, the activated carbon adsorption procedure, take metallic ion aqueous solution PH as 5 mixing speed in 300rpm, and temperature of 30℃/45℃/60℃, then obtains the isotherm adsorption model curve. In addition, the contain of heavy metallic ion adsorption procedure regarding to the aqueous solution uptake. The Langmuir isotherm model was regressed and its R2 is approach 1﹐The metal ion was not adsorpted by the glass wall throughant the blank experiment. When 60℃ the metallic ion in aqueous solution PH value on 5 scale, the activated carbon adsorptive Pd+ capacity in aqueous solution has the best maximum adsorption capacities for activated carbons were 20.56 mg/g for Pd+, 1.04mg/g for Cu2+, and 0.31 mg/g for Ni+.

並列關鍵字

adsorption ； activated carbons ； heavy metal

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