- 學位論文
以綠色法規為基礎模擬替代料最適組合
Green regulation-based simulation for the optimal composition of substitute parts
摘要
環保法規，如危害物質限制使用指令(RoHS)、廢電機/電子設備指令(WEEE)及能源使用產品生態化設計指令(Eup)等，為企業在製造產品時所需遵循的法規。由於產品是由許多零組件組合而成，且個別零組件有各種不同的替代料；因此，企業在追求最大利潤及符合環保法令要求下，模擬產品替代料可能的組合將是產品研發單位重要的課題。再者，考量任一次新的替代料並非單純的功能性或成本而已，而是必須針對所有可能的限制進行全面性的評估。知識庫系統可在滿足限制條件的前提下，找到最適合的元素；因此，本研究提出以符合使用者訂定的限制條件之產品替代料組合模擬系統，限制條件可以是綠色法規或成本等，並以RoHS指令及WEEE指令進行實作。基於本體論易於知識的分享及再利用的優點，本研究採用知識本體為核心進行知識的推論。首先依RoHS指令、WEEE指令及產品結構進行知識本體的塑模，再透過語意規則找出可行之產品零組件替代料，最後經由Java server page、Jena API及Protégé-OWL API等技術的結合將推論結果以網頁的方式呈現。結果顯示，本研究之設計可正確找到可行替代料;結合網頁技術將本體知識庫內容彙整及呈現，使得後續知識維護更為便利;由於本研究是以OWL及SWRL等本體技術為基礎，因此，也使得知識更易於分享及再利用。
並列摘要
Environmental regulations, such as RoHS, WEEE and Eup, are practices that manufacturers need to comply with. Since products are assembled by various parts and each individual part has various substitute materials; therefore when companies try to achieve optimal profits as well as comply all the environmental regulations, simulating all the possible combination of the substitute materials for the product becomes an important task for R/D department. Furthermore, when evaluating a new substitute material, we can not only simply consider its functionality or costs; we need to fully consider and evaluate all the possible constraints. The knowledge-based systems can help us find the most suitable elements under the circumstance that constraints are satisfied; therefore, this research proposes a simulating system for combinations of product substitute materials that complies the constraint rules set by the users which could be green regulations or product costs, and follow RoHS and WEEE orders. Since ontology has advantages in knowledge sharing and reusability, this research uses ontology as the core to conduct knowledge inference. First, the ontologies are modeled based on RoHS and WEEE orders, as well as product structures. Second, we try to find possible product parts substitution by SWRL. Lastly, we present the inference results as web pages by using Java server page, Jena API and Protégé-OWL API techniques. Experimental lessons show that the design of this research could correctly identify possible substitute materials; combining web page techniques we can reorganize and present the ontological knowledge, which make the maintenance of the database in the future a lot easier. The knowledge is easy to share and reuse, since this research is based on ontology techniques such as OWL and SWRL.