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  • 學位論文

電場奈米過濾分離雙成份混合鹽類

Study on Electro-Nanofiltration of Binary salt Mixture

指導教授 : 莊清榮

摘要


電場奈米過濾為在一般奈米過濾操作中,於薄膜之兩側外加直流電。而施加電場可破壞溶液電中性,並對相異特性,例如價數高低、電性正負等性質不同的溶質離子具有選擇性的分離效果,且會因電滲透的作用而使濾速有明顯的提升。 本研究首先對所使用商業奈米膜材NF-270以及DL膜的基本分離機制以道南電位與孔徑大小及反射系數等參數予以分析,並藉此探討對選用之兩種混合鹽類溶液( 與 混合鹽類溶液)的分離效能。 混合鹽類溶液中薄膜之道南電位大於膜材於 溶液中之值,即膜材於前者溶液中對離子之道南作用力高於後者,此一趨勢與實驗所呈現之結果一致,薄膜於 混合鹽類溶液陰離子之分離效能大於膜材於 溶液,且兩種膜材皆呈現相同結果。 而後於垂直膜面之兩側施加一直流電場,過濾 與 混合鹽類溶液,探討在施加不同電場強度下與不同濃度之混合鹽類溶液中離子的分離效能,並比較在單成份與雙成份鹽類系統中,同一離子在固定濃度下分離效能之差異。實驗結果顯示,陽離子阻擋率較低,其主因為受電場之電荷作用力影響而往濾液端遷移;陰離子方面,則因受到與濾液端方向相反之電場作用力的影響具有較高之阻擋率,且隨電場增加,阻擋率隨之上升。在分離單價陰陽離子時,隨施加電場提昇至強度為750V/m時,陰離子可至80%左右之阻擋率,而陽離子由於電場作用呈現負阻擋率,因此在分離與其他價數之陰離子,提升電場強度可有效提高分離效果。在同電性不同價數離子間的分離,陰離子之 與 在較低電場下阻擋效能有較大差距;而陽離子之 在較低電場強度下有較高阻擋率,與 離子之負阻擋率產生差距,因此對相同電性之不同價數離子之分離而言,低電場強度是最適宜分離之操作條件。 而單成份鹽類中離子的分離效能皆高於雙成份系統,但陰離子可藉由提高電場強度來降低此差異,使不論一價或是二價之陰離子其阻擋率皆可至90%以上。因此對不同電性離子而言,提高電場強度可增加選擇分離效果,但相同電性之離子則需在低電場強度下方能有較大之分離效能。

並列摘要


In the presence of electric field, two commercial nanofiltration membranes, DL and NF-270, were used to separate the binary salt mixture, solution and solution. Parameters such as Donnan potential, pore radius and reflection coefficient were used to analyze the performance of filtrating two salts mixture solution, solution and solution. The results of rejection of these two mixture solutions agree with the Donnan potential. Higher Donnan potential means higher exclusion to ions from membrane. Membrane in solution has higher Donnan potential than in solution. Also, better performances of rejection in every ion of solution than solution are observed. In addition, both membranes appears the same results. Results of Electro-Nanofiltration show that the rejections of cation are lower under the addition of electric field into the process. This is caused by the ionic mobility of cation in the direction toward the permeate side. On the other hand, there was higher rejection of anions by the force toward feed side from the application of electric field. In separation of single valence with positive and negative ion, rejection of anion raise with stronger electric field, in the meanwhile rejection of cation decrease sharply. So heighten electric field will separate positive and negative single valence ions well. In separation of the same positive or negative ions but different valence, the weaker electric field is needed. Different separation performances of same ion between in single and binary salt mixture are observed. Heighten the strength of electric field is able to eliminate this difference, and ion rejections will reach almost 90%.

參考文獻


顧聲茹, “膜電荷對奈米過濾效能影響之探討” ,私立中原大學化學工程研究所,碩士學位論文(2007)。
溫家瑋, “電場奈米過濾特性之研究” ,私立中原大學化學工程研究所,碩士學位論文(2008)。
康嘉梅, “薄膜界達電位與膜內淨電荷密度之量測” ,私立中原大學化學工程研究所,碩士學位論文(2006)。
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被引用紀錄


許穗蒨(2011)。利用電場奈米過濾及超過濾去除鐵錳砷〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201100945

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