帶翅種子氣動力特性應用在風力機葉片之仿生設計

Bionic Design of Winged Seed's Aerodynamic Force Characteristic Apply to Wind Turbine Blades

蔡瑋楓(Wei-Feng Tsai)

指導教授 ： 許政行

中原大學/工學院/機械工程研究所/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201700129

摘要

本篇論文重點主要有兩個部分。第一部分為分析三種帶翅植物(青楓、二葉松、肖楠)種子之仿生葉片的一些相關物理與氣動力資料，包含重量、體積與密度及翼片的升力與阻力係數。首先將植物種子葉片的外型藉由2D量測儀掃描到電腦，再利用CAD及Pro E建立其外型輪廓及計算模型，最後使用有限元素分析軟體(ANSYS)分析流場、計算及繪出仿生葉片的升阻力係數圖。結果發現青楓仿生葉片的升力係數在攻角度數很大的時候有不容易失速的優點，且其升阻比是三種仿生葉片中最大的。
第二部分重點在運用風洞實驗量測與計算三種帶翅植物的仿生翼型所製作成之小型三葉片及五葉片風力機的發電效率。藉由風洞實驗量測並計算其發電效率。經由實驗所得結果，發現仿靑楓的帶翅種子翼型的五葉風力機，在風速5m/s的時候發電效率可達37%，其發電效率相對於風速的變化也較其他兩種來的穩定。其次，仿青楓翼型的三葉片風力機，在風速5m/s的時候發電效率亦可達36%。對其他二種植物而言，仿肖楠翼型的五葉片風力機，則是在風速為4m/s時達到最高效率約37%，而仿二葉松葉型的五葉片風力機最高效率約可達25%。

關鍵字

風力機 ； 葉片 ； 植物 ； 仿生

並列摘要

The present study focuses on two main parts. The first part is the analysis about the physical and aerodynamic data, including weight, volume, density, lift and drag coefficients, of the bionic blades of winged seed of three different plants（Acer serrulatum, Pinus taiwanensis, Calocedrus formosana）. The blade profiles of winged seed of three plants were firstly scanned and stored into a computer by a 2D scanner, then the CAD and Pro E were used to build the digital contours and computational models, finally the finite element analysis software (ANSYS) was applied to analyze the flow fields, calculate and plot the lift and drag coefficients of blades. The results showed that the lift coefficient of the green maple (Acer serrulatum), under larger angle of attack, has an advantage of not easy to stall, and the lift-drag ratio of the bionic blade of the green maple is the largest among three plants.

The second part of the present work focuses on measuring the power generation efficiency, by the experiments in the wind tunnel, of the small-scale three-blade and five-blade wind turbines which were built by using the profiles of the bionic blades of winged seeds. The results obtained by the experiments indicated that the power generation efficiency of the five-blade wind turbine, which blade shape is the bionic blades of green maple, can reach up to 37% under the blowing of
5m/s wind speed, also, the power generation efficiency of this turbine is more stable related to the variation of the wind speed than other wind turbines with bionic blades from other two plants. In addition, the power generation efficiency of the three-blade wind turbine, with bionic green maple seed blade shape, can reach up to 36% when the wind speed is 5m/s.
For other two plants, the five-blade wind turbine with bionic Xiaonan (Calocedrus formosana) seed blade shape, has the highest power generation efficiency up to 37% when the wind speed is 4m/s, but for the five-blade wind turbine with bionic two-leaf pine seed blade shape, its power generation efficiency can only reach up to 25%.

並列關鍵字

Wind Turbine ； Blades ； Bionic

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