國中數學文字題之解題策略

The Problem-Solving Strategies of Mathematical Word-Problem in Junior High School.

房怡均(Yi-Jun Fang)

指導教授 ： 李金城

中原大學/理學院/應用數學研究所/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201600158

摘要

中文摘要
本研究旨在探討數學文字題的解題策略之實際範例，將題目做分類統整之探究，並就解題過程中做解題分析、使用的解題方法進而理出解題策略。由於數學文字題在數學學習階段也是屬於難度較高的部分，故本研究將四則應用問題分為七類題型、分別是『工程問題』、『年齡問題』、『時鐘問題』、『行程問題』、『數位問題』、『牛頓問題』與『其他』，就54道題目進行分類與統整，並針對不同題型加以分析其解題方向和策略。
本研究發現，學生在解數學文字題時，無法理解題意和解題目標、使用不正確的解題策略或缺乏解題策略為學生解題錯誤的主要特徵；而無法理解題意、錯誤的解題策略為造成學生解題錯誤的重要原因。因此這些以數學文字題之實際範例所做的題型分類，是為協助教學者日後面對數學文字題的教學能夠提升成效，同時為這些孩子提供做為解題策略之幫助。

關鍵字

四則應用問題 ； 閱讀理解 ； 數學解題

並列摘要

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore the mathematical word-problems studied in junior high school. In the research, numerical examples are used to evaluate problem-solving strate-gies about mathematical word-problems (MWP). According to the categories of questions, strategic knowledge and knowledge of algorithms in the problem-solving models, prob-lem-solving strategies about mathematical word-problems (MWP) are analyzed. It is more dif-ficult than the others in the course, and therefore seven categories of application questions, including "engineering-questions", "age-questions", "clock-questions", "travel-questions", "nu-meric-questions", "Newton-questions" and "the other". There are 54 questions classified and integrated in this research are discussed.
The students' main problem is that they would not analyze an entire topic, pick an un-known directly from the questions, and lack of problem solving strategy. There are two main keys to solve the application of quadratic equation. One is to have a completely understanding of the problem. And the other is to select unknown messages to the assumption and list in the equation.
Finally, with all the findings above, I hope with sincerity that this study could benefit to instruction of teachers’ profession, and students’ learning.

並列關鍵字

mathematical word-problems ； reading comprehension ； mathematical problem solving

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