充氣坐墊輔助裝置之控制

Standing and Sitting-Assistive Device on Inflatable Cushion with Controlling Air Pump

蘇慶輝(Ching-Hui Su)

指導教授 ： 涂世雄

中原大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2017年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201700479

摘要

本文研究目的是設計一個能夠輔助起身及坐下且小型、結構簡單、運作快速和成本低的輔助裝置，此裝置能夠在起身及坐下時，減緩使用者大腿肌肉的使力，此外，我們控制空氣幫浦的轉速使得充氣坐墊的表面能夠達到水平的狀態，因此，此裝置能夠在起身及坐下時，防止使用者跌倒。
　　本文主要分成三個部分，第一部分是介紹裝置的硬體架構及運作流程，第二部分是解釋我們如何達到充氣坐墊表面的平衡，首先，我們的充氣坐墊是由四個小充氣坐墊所組成，然後Arduino控制板針對不同的壓力分佈，進而利用脈衝寬度調變改變馬達轉速，最後的部分是我們的實驗結果，我們把不同重量的重物放在坐墊的角落及邊緣，觀察重物不管在充氣坐墊上升以及下降時，都能夠達到平衡的狀態。
　　本文的研究貢獻如下：
（一）便利性：此裝置操作簡單以及充氣快速，且結構小型簡單，方便攜帶。
（二）輔助性：輔助使用者起身及坐下，避免跌倒的意外。
（三）低成本：此裝置設計不像一般醫院的設備這麼大型，且裝置的費用一般民眾都能夠負擔。

關鍵字

輔具 ； 充氣坐墊 ； 幫浦

並列摘要

The purpose of this thesis is to design a standing and sitting assistive device on inflatable cushion with controlling air pump to reach the goal of smaller size, simpler structure, higher speed and lower price. It can release user’s thigh muscle when user is sitting and standing. In addition, we control the air pump motor speed so that the surface of inflatable cushion is horizontal. Therefore, this assistive device can prevent the elder from falling down.
　　There are three main parts in this thesis. The first part introduces the system architecture that descripts the system sequence of the materials. The second part explains how to balance of inflatable cushion. At first, we design inflatable cushion to consist of four smaller cushions. Then the Arduino board directs the different pressure of smaller cushions to change the motor speed by pulse-width modulation (PWM). The last part shows our experimental simulation. We put different weights on squared surface of four sides and four corners. As a result, the surface is keeping horizontal when the cushion is rising and descending.
　　In this thesis, the contributions of the research are as follows:
(1) Convenience: It is convenient, operationally simple and fast inflation. This device is also smaller and lighter, it is easy to carry on.
(2) Assistance: This device can avoid the elder falling down when sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit.
(3) Low cost: It is not as expensive as huge device in hospital; the common people can afford it.

並列關鍵字

Assistive Device ； Inflatable Cushion ； Air Pump

參考文獻

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[3]A. Zouita Ben Moussa, S. Zouita, C. Dziri, F.Z. Ben Salah, “Single-leg Assessment of Postural Stability and Knee Functional Outcome Two Years after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction,” Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 52, pp. 475-484, 2009.

[4]Nia I. Edward, Dee A. Jones, “Ownership and Use of Assistive Devices amongst Older People in the Community,” Age and Ageing, 27(4), pp. 463-468, 1998.

[5]Mary E. Tinetti, “Preventing Falls in Elderly Person,” The New England Journal of Medicine, 348(1), pp. 42-49, Jan. 2003.

[6]Neil B. Alexander, Albert B. Schultz, James A. Ashton-Miller, M. Melissa Gross, Bruno Giordani, “Muscle Strength and Rising from a Chair in Older Adults,” MUSLE & NERVE, 5, pp. 56-59, 1997.