自動水質監測系統的應用與評估

Application and Evaluation of Automatic Water Quality Monitoring System

呂心則(HSINTSE LU)

指導教授 ： 游勝傑 ； 王雅玢

中原大學/工學院/環境工程學系/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201800445

摘要

自動水質監測系統為一體積小重量輕，只需2至3人操作的自動儀器，透過自動無人船拖曳自動監測儀器，可於開放水域進行水質的監測，以物聯網方式透過4G上傳直接分析，將結果立即顯示於監控端，若能實際應用於大型水域之水質設測量，可以提供低人力和成本、即時及快速的監測方式。本研究透過自動水質監測系統，進行寶山水庫實場應用及水質分析，以確認實際應用情形之穩定性，以及界定水域的污染區域來原，了解非點源污然的重點區域，協助找出污染負荷時間分布狀況。
透過自動水質監測系統進行晴天和雨天的水質監測測試，並同時以人工方式搭乘小船，於定點採取水樣進行分析。根據研究結果顯示，晴天的鉀離子平均為3.56 mg/L、總磷平均為0.0124 mg/L、透明度平均為2.6m；雨天的鉀離子平均為9.89 mg/L、總磷平均為0.01546mg/L、透明度平均為2.2m，雨天的鉀離子濃度平均較晴天高出6 mg/L，雨天的總磷濃度較晴天高出0.003mg/L，晴天透明度較雨天高0.4m，因降雨導致大量營養鹽及泥沙沖刷進入庫區，靠近農田區的點位區域，鉀離子與總磷濃度上升最大，靠近排水的點位區域，水中有著較多的泥沙懸浮。透過自動水質監測系統，以即時監測的方式，可協助找出污染來源，界定出污染熱區。未來應持續進行長期的水質監測，以確認水質變化確定非點原污染熱區，以徹底改善水庫水質。

關鍵字

優養化 ； 物聯網 ； 自動即時監測 ； 水質分析

並列摘要

Automatic Water Quality Monitoring System (AWQMS), a system that integrated an Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) with water quality monitoring sensors. The monitoring system uploads the data to the server by 4G mobile network in the Internet of Things(IoT). The server will analyse the data of water quality and display the results on the Water Quality Management System. If applied in water quality and volume monitoring in reservoir or lake, the system can provide a tool for efficient, economic and reliable monitoring. The objective of this study is to affirm AWQMS in the stability and accuracy of data in practical applications. Find out the key location where non-point sources are contaminated and understand the distribution of pollution hot spots.
In this study, we use the AWQMS to monitoring and sampling the reservoir in sunny and rainy days. According to the research results, the chlorophyll a data had a large fluctuation, and the rainy days was steady state. It might be that the rainfall in the rain diluted the concentration of chlorophyll a. Other sensors' data stability and accuracy were in the normal range. Sensors can detect water quality differences between sunny and rainy days. For exemple the average concentrations of the potassium ion on sunny and rainy days were 3.56 mg/L and 9.89 mg/L. The rainy day’s concertration was higher than sunny day. The average concentrations of the total phosphorus on rainy day were also higher than sunny day. Because a large amount of nutrients was flushed into the reservoir area by the rainfall. Through the real time monitoring and analysing of the AWQMS can find out the source of pollution and the distribution of pollution hot spots. Continuous monitoring of water quality and identifying of nonpoint source pollution hot spots to improve the water quality of the reservoir in the future.

並列關鍵字

CTSI ； IoT ； Automatic monitoring ； Water quality analysis

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