導入通用設計觀點的透天住宅室內更新設計

內政部營建署全國住宅狀況抽樣調查（2017）顯示「有人常住」之住宅戶數約729 萬戶，透天住宅數占其中49.20%為最高。居住者因年齡漸長生理機能退化，或因懷孕、受傷產生暫時性不便，既有的生活空間無法滿足使用需求，已成為當前傳統透天住宅亟需探討的課題。國內有關通用環境設計之研究，過去多以公共空間、集合住宅爲主，較缺乏透天住宅之探討，因此，本研究針對連棟式透天住宅，透過實地調查與測繪，瞭解透天住宅空間動線與設備使用的現况，並經由訪談居住者，了解其使用所面臨的問題，經彙整不同型式透天住宅所面臨的共同問題後，再進行專家訪談，獲得從「垂直移動」及「水平移動」提供改善構想建議，設計方案依循「整體動線的順暢性」、「空間使用的安全性」及「設備尺度的適切性」三項規劃原則，提出改善方案建議。研究結果並針對「現存問題改善的困難點」及「全齡住宅落實的可行性」提出建議。

關鍵字

通用設計；透天住宅；全齡住宅；無障礙設計

並列摘要

According to the National Survey on Housing Conditions conducted by the Construction and Planning Agency, Ministry of the Interior (2017) showed that there are about 7.29 million residential households with “occupants” in the country, 49.20% of which are the highest proportion of residential housing. Due to the deterioration of the physiology of the occupants, or the temporary inconvenience caused by pregnancy or injury, the existing living space cannot meet the needs of use, which has become a key topic that needs to be discussed. In the past, domestic researches on universal design focused on public spaces and collective housing, and there was a lack of discussions on thorough housing. Therefore, this research aims at the case of townhouse residence, through field investigation and measurement, to understand the current situation of the circulation and equipment usage in townhouse residence, and to understand the problems faced by its use through interviews with residents. After consolidating the common problems faced by different types of townhouse residences, we conducted expert interviews and obtained suggestions for improving ideas from "vertical movement" and "horizontal movement". The design then followed the three planning principles of "smoothness of overall movement", "safety of space use" and "appropriateness of equipment scales", and proposed improvements. The results of the study and recommendations on "difficulties in improving existing problems" and "feasibility of implementing residential for all-age ".