- 學位論文
以休閒參與觀點探討流暢體驗、主觀幸福感對於工作壓力之影響－以國立高雄餐旅大學三明治教學制度實習生為例
The effects of Flow Experience and Well-being on Work Stress according to Leisure Participation- using National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality And Tourism intern as an example
摘要
依交通部觀光局預估，未來3 年旅館業加碼投資797.4 億元，需要近1 萬7 千個餐旅服務相關工作人員。近年來觀光餐旅科系在高等教育體制中更見成長快速，人員素質的提升，使得企業對實習生具有更高的聘雇需要與意願。由於餐飲基層從業人員工作性質較其他產業不同，必須於前線面臨各方壓力，甚至在為顧客服務的過程中都會產生無形的壓力(吳政和、劉麗雲，1997)。當因實習中所遇到的壓力超出自身所負荷時，就會對自身造成負面的影響。(曹勝雄、陳嘉隆、王國欽，1995) 如何有效去減緩、降低實習生工作壓力就顯得格外重要。國內外研究顯示，休閒活動參與對於工作壓力有影響效果。然而，關於休閒參與理論應用於餐旅實習生並且和主觀幸福感之間的關係以及流暢體驗的調節效果仍然缺乏實證研究。 本研究運用AMOS結構方程模式驗證休閒參與、流暢體驗、主觀幸福感以及工作壓力四者之間的潛在因果關係。抽取國立高雄餐旅大學完成實習課程的學生做為研究樣本，共發出440份問卷，回收有效問卷398份。研究中發現：(1) 休閒活動參與對流暢體驗有正向影響、(2) 休閒活動參與對主觀幸福感有正向影響、(3) 個體產生流暢體驗對主觀幸福感有正向影響、(4) 休閒參與對工作壓力無顯著影響、(5)流暢體驗對工作壓力有負向影響、(6)、主觀幸福感對工作壓力有負向影響。 總結本研究，發現要降低或是舒緩餐旅實習生的工作壓力，業者及學校單位需從增進實習生的休閒活動參與著手，提升其涉入的程度及習慣因而達成流暢體驗，藉此強化餐旅實習生本身的主觀幸福感。相關單位可根據本結果，針對實習前的宣導以及職前訓練，提供必要的諮詢及輔導方向，以提供更健全的實習制度。
並列摘要
Estimated according to the Tourism Bureau of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications, the hotel industry is to invest 79.74 billion and nearly 10,007 Hospitality service staff. In recent years ,Tourism and Hospitality fast-growing area of study in the higher education system. Because of the enhancement of the quality of personnel, making the company has a higher employment needs and wishes of the intern. . Hospitality employees the nature of the work is different than other industries, will face pressure from all sides, even in the customer service process will produce invisible pressure. How effective to reduce the the intern working pressure is particularly important. In this study, use AMOS structural equation modeling to verify the potential causal relationship between Leisure participation, Flow experience, subjective well-being, and working pressure four. Extraction National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality students completed their internship training as the research sample, issued a total of 440 questionnaires, 398 valid questionnaires. The finding indicated that:(1) Leisure participation has a positive influence on the flow experience(2) Leisure participation has a positive effect on subjective well-being.(3) Individuals have a flow experience has a positive effect on subjective well-being.(4) Leisure participation no significant effect on the working pressure(5) Flow experience a negative impact on the working pressure(6) The subjective well-being of working pressure has a negative impact.Summary This study found to reduce the hospitality interns working pressure, industry and schools should encourage the interns leisure activities to participate in, and to enhance the degree of involvement and habits and thus to reach a flow experience to increase Hospitality intern subjective well-being.