社區失智長者音樂輔療成效之研究

A Study on the Efficacy of Music Aids in the Elderly with Dementia in the Community

蘇曉菁(Hsiao-Ching Su)

指導教授 ： 莊俐昕

國立暨南國際大學/人文學院/長期照顧經營管理碩士在職學位學程/碩士(2022年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/ncnu202200356

摘要

本研究旨在探討12次音樂輔療活動課程，運用於社區失智服務據點之長輩，對於生活品質是否改善為研究目標。本研究目的在透過方案檢討的研究方式，探討長者社區失智服務據點音樂輔療課程實施歷程，解析長者在日常生活功能、憂鬱情況以及生活品質提升之目標，且檢視音樂輔療師在課程實施後的專業成長與反思
以質性量性研究相輔相成，採立意取樣方式並依據研究目的，發展出「半結構式訪談大綱」作質性訪談，並有音樂輔療活動團體紀錄、長者行為觀察紀錄、台灣簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷（WHOQOL-BREF）、阿茲海默症生活品質量表（Qol-AD）、巴氏量表（Barthel Index）、康乃爾憂鬱量表（The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, CSDD）四種量表，作為研究之綜合採證以展現研究之實用性。研究對象為南投縣埔里鎮社區失智服務據點之失智長輩。
失智症照護分為藥物治療與非藥物治療照護，然而藥物治療效果有限且會引發許多副作用，因此必須仰賴有效的非藥物治療來改善或維持失智者的功能性狀態。而音樂輔療兼具經濟、有效與實用之功效，經過文獻探討與研究結果，可以看出音樂輔療對於失智長者確實帶來改善效果。音樂輔療的目的就是以音樂為溝通的媒介，為增進長者身心的健康，除了有音樂活動的介入，更強調人際的互動關係。以結構性的課程安排如身體律動、樂器伴奏、音樂欣賞與歌曲教唱，使失智長者於認知功能改善、社會參與與肢體復健上有明顯幫助。

關鍵字

失智症 ； 音樂輔療 ； 生活品質 ； 社區失智關懷據點

並列摘要

Aim & Background
Dementia care is divided into drug therapy and non-drug therapy. However, drug therapy has limited effect and can cause many side effects. Therefore, effective non-drug therapy must be relied on to improve or maintain the functional state of dementia. Music therapy is one of the emerging supplementary therapies in the medical field. The purpose of music therapy is to use music as a medium of communication. In order to improve the physical and mental health of the elderly, the intervention of music activities, more emphasis is placed on interpersonal interaction. With structured curriculum arrangements such as body rhythm, musical instrument accompaniment, music appreciation and song teaching, the elderly with dementia can significantly help in the improvement of cognitive function, social participation and physical rehabilitation.

Method
In this study, 12 music-assisted therapy group activity courses were applied to the Community-Based Dementia Care Center. The subjects ranged from 58 to 85 years old, a total of 8 people. Intentional sampling method was adopted, using qualitative interviews, group records of music-assisted therapy activities, elderly behavior observation records, the WHOQOL-Taiwan Versions （WHOQOL-BREF）, and Alzheimer's Quality of Life Scale （Qol-AD）, Barthel Index, and The Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia （CSDD） four scales, comprehensively collect evidence from qualitative and quantitative research to demonstrate the efficacy of music therapy .

Result
Using structured and active music courses for music therapy such as body rhythm, musical instrument accompaniment, music appreciation and song teaching can significantly help the elderly with dementia in improving cognitive function, depression, social participation, and life function. The researchers also examined the professional growth and reflection of music therapists after the course was implemented.

Discussion:
Future research suggests that in cooperation with professionals in other fields such as nutritionists or physical therapists, music therapy has more diverse choices and integrated applications to confirm its use in non-drug treatment of dementia.

並列關鍵字

Dementia ； Music Aids ； Quality of Life ； Community-Based Dementia Care Center

參考文獻

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