國民中學社會領域教科書國家概念之探討

本研究主要目的，在探討意識形態對國民中學階段的課程設計與教科書編審之影響。「公民是所有科目裡面最容易表達意識形態觀念的東西，特別容易會有立場」。「每一個政權都會這麼表達自己的意識形態，從教學上最容易的就是透過社會科教科書」。本研究試圖以現今國民中學教科書民間送審的三種版本，做一個客觀比較分析，提供政府教科書編審之參考。本研究認為，意識形態在任何時代都不可能消失，也不會消失。當然，政治氛圍之影響應該更會超過教科書。綜觀近年來受到矚目的2018九合一選舉「韓流」現象，另外還有「同婚」、「反核」、「文化性別主義」、「女性主義」等現象，都以不同型態出現在各個層面，某種程度上也反映社會上不同立場的意識形態。公民課綱意識形態的爭議，更是時有所聞。如今要推十二年基本國教，要培養的是現代公民基本能力，教育更應堅守專業和中立，盡可能不要再涉入意識形態之爭。吾人看看北韓、中華人民共和國等共產國家，如何將共產主義意識形態放入教科書在牢抓意識形態教育的大陸，歷史教科書完全由中央控制。 2012年港人反國教，也就是反政治洗腦課；2018年新疆人反政治洗腦，也是類似的反抗。教育是百年大業，本人將來或有可能為教育現場第一線的尖兵，依本人之見，公民教科書在21世紀的今天，不能再淪為服務政府的工具，將來要如何思考把學者在講台上課所揭櫫的”思想”變成”意識形態”(抗拒力較強)，再轉換內化成”謎思”(一般人抗拒力較低)，似乎可替意識形態找到一條出路。

關鍵字

教科書；民族；國族主義；意識形態；政治社會化；基本國教；社會領域

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study is to explore the influence of ideology on curriculum design and textbook review at this stage of the country. "Citizens are the easiest to express ideological concepts in all subjects, and it is particularly easy to have a position." "Every regime will express its own ideology in this way. The easiest thing to teach is through social science textbooks." In the continent where ideological education is firmly grasped, history textbooks are completely controlled by the central government. In particular, I may or may be the first line of the future education field. This study attempts to make an objective comparative analysis of the three versions of the textbooks submitted by the current national middle school textbooks, and proposes to provide the government with reference in the textbook review. Finally, this study proposes the conclusion that ideology cannot disappear or disappear in any era. Of course, the entire political atmosphere should have more influence than textbooks. For example, the phenomenon of " Han Wave" in the 2018 9-in-1 election, as well as the phenomenon of "Same-sex marriage ", "anti-nuclear", "cultural sexism" and "feminism", all appear at different levels in different forms. The ideology dispute of the citizenship program is even more familiar. Nowadays, it is necessary to promote the basic state religion in the past 12 years. It is to cultivate the basic abilities of modern citizens. Education should be more professional and neutral. It should be avoided as much as possible. In the battle of form, we look at how communist countries such as North Korea and the People’s Republic of China put communist ideology into textbooks because education is a century-old undertaking. For example, in 2012, Hong Kong people’s anti-state religion, that is, anti-political brainwashing, 2018 new strong people anti-political brainwashing, civic textbooks in the 21st century today, can no longer be reduced to serve the government tools, how to think about scholars in the future The "thought" revealed in the class on the podium becomes "ideology" (strong resistance), and then the internalization into "mystery" (lower resistance of the average person) seems to find a way out for the ideology.