我國大專校院青年國際志工之人格特質、動機與自我期許研究

國際志工服務成為21世紀全球化世界的主要潮流之一。許多大專校院學生紛紛參加國際志工服務，有目共睹。本研究即在探究中部地區大專校院青年學生參與國際志工服務的人格特質、動機、參與國際志工服務前後的自我期許，以及他們認為國際志工所應具備的人格特質與能力。本研究以質性研究半結構訪談方式，採滾雪球取樣，從中部地區大專校院學生於2012年至2013年間參與校內組團的國際志工服務之學生中，選取10位為研究對象。研究結果與結論歸納如下：一、就人格特質而言，國際志工在五大人格特質中以外向性與友善性的特質最為顯著。二、就動機而言，參與國際志工服務的初始動機可分為自我成長與學習、擴展自己的國際視野、利他-服務別人、自我挑戰、自我成就感、增加跨文化經驗及擴展人際關係等七大面向。七大動機中，乃以利己動機為主，利他動機為輔；其中以擴展國際視野、增加跨文化經驗、及利他-服務他人三面向居首。三、就國際志工應有之人格特質與能力而言，在人格特質方面，受訪者認為應有勇敢、獨立與彈性應變態度、熱忱和熱情、重視團隊與合作精神、有愛心且樂於助人、不抱怨及奉獻精神。在應有之能力方面，則以語言溝通、教學、隨機應變與適應環境、及與團隊合作能力為主。四、國際志工在參與國際志工服務前的自我期許，以被服務者的學習有收穫、受用為主，希望自己能發揮專長與能力，能有所貢獻，或帶給別人快樂，亦藉由此機會挑戰自己的膽識。五、國際志工參與服務後的自我期許包括維持服務與助人之精神、拓展國際視野與關懷、進行生涯規劃、專業能力的提升、能知福、惜福並感恩、建立良好人際互動、維持健康的身體、持續精進的個人成長等八大面向。根據研究結果，本研究針對未來參與國際志工服務的青年學子、大專校院組成單位及未來研究方向，提出具體建議，以供參考。如建議未來參與國際志工服務的青年學子先行評估自我的優勢與劣勢、釐清與設定自我期許；建議大專校院鼓勵理工與科技學院之學生、男性學生參與國際志工服務；建議未來研究可擴展研究範圍至北、南、東區，且可採用大規模量化研究以探討人格特質與參與國際志工服務之相關性，抑或進一步探討參與過國內志工服務者在從事國際志工服務上的差異等。

關鍵字

大專校院；青年國際志工；人格特質；動機；自我期許

並列摘要

International volunteer service becomes one of the key trends in the globalized world in the 21st century. It is clear to us that a growing number of undergraduate and post-graudate students participate in the volunteer services. The purpose of study was to explore the personality, motivation, and self-expectation of undergraduate and post-graudate students who went abroad for volunteer services. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were used in the study. Ten interviewees were selected through purposive sampling from students studying at universities in central Taiwan during the academic year 2012-2013. Based upon the analysis of data gathered from interviews, the major findings are listed below: 1.The initial motivation of international volunteer services contains self-growth and learning, extending global perspectives, altruism, self-challenge, self-satisfaction, pursuing cross-cultural experiences, and building up interpersonal relationship. 2.Among the five major traits of personality, the personal traits of international volunteers are significantly characterized by extroversion and agreeableness. 3.The recognized traits of international volunteers are bravery, independence, flexibility, enthusiasm, passion, team player and willingness of corporation, benevolence, and dedication. The competences that international volunteers should develop are native languages and communication skills, teaching skills, adaptation to the environments, and maintenance of partnership. 4.International volunteers’ expectations for themselves before the orientation programs for volunteer services are mainly helping others to learn and contribution of their knowledge. 5.International volunteers’ expectations for themselves after volunteer services are keeping serving people and helping others, extending global perspectives and care, making career planning, promoting professional competences, knowing and cherishing happiness and showing gratitude, having good interpersonal relationships, keeping in good health, and continuing individual growth. Finally, some suggestions are made for prospective volunteers, sponsoring universities, and future related studies for reference. For example, young students who will participate in the international volunteer services in the future should, in advance, assess their strengths and weaknesses, clarify and set up their self-expectations. Colleges and universities should encourage students majoring in natural sciences, engineering, and technology, and male students to participate in international volunteer services. Future studies should also extend to include students studying at universities in northern, southern, and eastern areas in Taiwan. In addition, a large scale of quantified studies should be used to explore the correlations between personality and international volunteer services, or furthermore to explore the differences between the volunteer services inside the country and their volunteer services abroad.