同志遭受霸凌之經驗探討

在社會上處相對弱勢的同志族群，因其同志身分或不符合主流的性別氣質，往往受到異性戀者不友善的對待，甚至遭受欺負、霸凌。由於國內的研究較少針對曾遭受校園霸凌的同志，因此本研究以過去曾遭受同儕霸凌的同志為研究對象，探討其遭受霸凌之經驗及霸凌事件所帶給他們的影響，期能提供實務工作者對遭受過霸凌的同志有更深入的了解。本研究之目的在於了解同志過去在就學時期遭受同儕霸凌之經驗。研究參與者為四位曾因為同志身分或被懷疑為同志而遭受霸凌之20歲以上成年同志。本研究以深度訪談法蒐集研究參與者遭受霸凌之經驗，並以敘事分析的概念加以分析，最後呈現出四位研究參與者獨特的生命故事以及遭受霸凌經驗之分析。研究發現同志遭受霸凌的原因與社會對同志所造成的歧視、污名及霸凌者的同性戀恐懼有關；另外不符合社會傳統性別氣質之同志也往往成為霸凌者的目標。遭受霸凌的情緒感受有覺得莫名其妙、慌張、生氣、難過、自責、受辱、害怕、孤單…等。遭受霸凌時的因應方式又分為「消極性因應」、「情緒隔離」、「反擊報復」、「武裝自己」、「積極的改變策略」以及「他人的正向支持」等不同的策略。遭受霸凌對同志的影響則包含了個人方面以及人際方面之影響，根據以上研究發現與結論，研究者針對研究對象、家長、教育工作者、諮商實務工作者以及對未來研究提出建議。

關鍵字

同志；霸凌

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of lesbian and gay who suffered bullying. In this study, a qualitative research method is adopted to in depth interview four adualts who identify themselves as gays and Lesbians, and they were bullyed by peers because of their sex orientation when they were students.The result is analyzed by the narrative analysis method. The main findings are as follows. Research finds that the factors of gays and lesbians suffered bullying were related to the discrimination, stigma and the homophobia of heterosexuals. Non-popularity sex temperament teenagers were also targets of bully. Gays and Lesbians may felt baffling, panic, angry, depression, self-blame, insult, scared, alone when they suffered bullying.The response of bullying are “negative response”, “counterattack”, “retaliation”,”armed themselves”,”positive changes”, and “the support from other people”.The influence of bullying include personal and interpersonal aspects. Based upon the findings above, this study proposes some recommendations for gays and lesbians who suffered bullying, their parents, the authorities of school, and future studies.