從制度延續觀點檢視我國警察派出所的變革
---比較日本殖民時期與現代台灣之間警察派出所的功能與角色轉型

每一種制度皆有其延續性，派出所制度亦然。台灣警察派出所始自日據時期，而這樣的制度之所以能延續至今，並深深影響著現今警察派出所，乃至整體警察制度的發展，有其歷史文化背景，也有其政治社會因素。本論文是從制度延續的觀點，檢視現今台灣警察派出所在制度變革上所面臨的難題，及功能與角色轉型的困境，方法則是從台灣警察派出所源起的日本殖民時期出發，分別檢視日本殖民時期、光復後至解嚴前的威權統治時期、解嚴後迄今等三個主要時期中，制度的變革情形；另外，一套制度的變革，包含之元素相當繁雜，本論文係從政治經濟環境、派出所的數量與分佈、結構關係、功能與角色、設置法令依據、人事規定與運作、社區關係、組織文化與象徵等制度化元素，探究警察派出所制度變革的面貌，透過三個時期、九個制度化元素的描述及分析比較，瞭解派出所在制度化延續上有何變動或維繫？最後再將現代日本派出所的發展及變革引入，對照台灣派出所的現況，找出現代化派出所功能與角色轉型之政策建議。經過研究發現，自日據時期以來，台灣歷經幾個迥然不同的統治階段，國家政權形態、政治與社會環境也有很大的轉變，但警察派出所的功能與角色定位卻沒有太大的轉變，直到近年來，因民主化思潮的衝擊，才強調公共服務的概念，並積極走入社區，但大體而言，對整體制度卻影響不大。

關鍵字

派出所；日本殖民時期；派出所制度

並列摘要

All system has its continuity, so is the police substation system. Taiwan police substation established since Japanese colonization period, it deeply influence the modern police substation and the development of the whole police's system in Taiwan. This has its historical, cultural and political background. This thesis examines the dilemma of the function and role transformation in the innovation of Taiwan police substation system. Firstly, this research analyses the transformation of Taiwan police substation system through three main periods of Taiwan police substation system - Japan colonize period, Martial Law Period, Normalization period. Secondly, this research try to investigate several different elements of institutionalization such as political and economic environment, quantity and distribution of the police station, structural relation, function and role, the law basis of the establishment, the operation and organization regulation, community relationship, organization culture and symbol, etc., in order to explore the complete picture of the transformation of Taiwan police substation system. Furthermore, from comparing the above-mentioned analyses, discuss the development of the system. Finally, the development and change of the modern Japan police substation system was introduced into this thesis. And, the contrast between modern Japan and Taiwan police substation system was made in order to find out the solutions of the problem in the innovation of Taiwan police substation system. Through the research we found out that although Taiwan experience great changes in politic, economic and societal since Japan Colonizes Period, however, the role and function of Taiwan police substation haven’t change very much accordingly. Not until in recent years, under the impact of the ideological trend of democratization, Taiwan police substation begin to emphasize the concept of the public service and actively walk into the community. Nevertheless, generally speaking, this did not have big influence on the whole system.