目睹婚姻暴力兒童手足遊戲治療主題及互動行為之探究

Exploring the Play Therapy Themes and Interaction Behaviors for Witness of Marital Violence Siblings.

蔡毅樺(Yi-Hua Tsai)

指導教授 ： 林妙容

國立暨南國際大學/教育學院/輔導與諮商研究所/碩士(2007年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/NCNU.2007.00061

摘要

本研究目的在探究目睹婚姻暴力兒童在手足遊戲治療之遊戲主題與互動行為的變化情形。研究中運用「目睹婚暴兒童遊戲主題分析大綱」及「目睹婚暴兒童手足互動行為分析大綱」對目睹父母婚姻暴力的兄妹倆（八歲及七歲），進行十六次手足遊戲治療過程中「遊戲主題」及「手足互動行為」之分析研究。研究結果發現如下：
壹、目睹婚暴兒童在手足遊戲治療之遊戲主題方面
一、目睹婚暴兒童在手足遊戲治療歷程中，遊戲主題有各自質與量的變化。其中手 足兩人在遊戲主題的26個類別反應高低，哥哥的前六高反應依次為：「自主」、「掌控」、「攻擊」、「成就」、「負向情緒」、「撫育」，妹妹則為「自主」、「負向情緒」、「撫育」、「攻擊」、「正向情緒」、「掌控」。
二、目睹婚暴兒童在手足遊戲治療歷程中，「情緒反應與表現」及「權力控制議題」均有正向之改變。
三、手足遊戲治療提供兒童安全與支持及更能聚焦於處理家庭之議題。
四、目睹婚暴兒童存在高的權力控制反應，且權力控制反應在治療上有正面價值與意義。
五、目睹婚暴兒童情緒呈現「過度承擔父母情緒」或「將自我與外界隔絕」的兩極化反應。
六、目睹婚暴兒童的暴力攻擊行為在遊戲治療中期階段反應次數最多。
七、目睹婚暴兒童對施暴父親與受暴母親具有同性學習之傾向。
八、目睹婚暴兒童撫育遊戲主題的反應頻率高。
九、外在資源的連結與獲得為目睹婚暴兒童人身安全的重要來源。
貳、目睹婚暴兒童在手足遊戲治療之手足互動行為方面
一、目睹婚暴兒童在手足遊戲治療之手足互動行為呈現異與同之反應。哥哥啟動的 手足互動類別前六排序由高至低為「安撫」、「漠視他人」、「衝突」、「共事」、「同盟」及「橋樑」，妹妹最多的反應為「衝突」，第二高反應有三個類別「被動順從」、「共事」、「同盟」，第五及第六排序為「贊同」及「排斥」。
二、目睹婚暴兒童在手足遊戲治療歷程中，「競爭」、「疏離」、「綑綁」與「連結」之手足互動均有正向之改變。
三、目睹婚暴兒童在手足遊戲治療歷程的手足互動行為與另一手足及遊戲治療師形成交互影響之反應。
四、目睹婚暴兒童手足遊戲治療之手足互動行為呈現糾纏與分化的共存現象。
五、目睹婚暴兒童的「競爭」與「連結」反應，具有啟動手足同步反應之可能。
六、目睹婚暴兒童在手足遊戲治療歷程中，手足遊戲速度不一是形成「衝突」與「綑綁」的重要原因。
七、目睹婚暴兒童在手足遊戲治療歷程中，「普同感」、「替代學習」反應未能如一般非手足團體諮商產生效果。
八、目睹婚暴兒童在手足遊戲治療歷程中，爭取資源為手足「競爭」反應的源頭。
九、目睹婚暴兒童在手足遊戲治療中，因外來壓力促使手足兩人相互支持與連結。

研究者並針對上述研究結果加以討論，據此對於兒童遊戲治療實務及後續研究提出建議。

關鍵字

目睹婚姻暴力兒童 ； 手足遊戲治療 ； 遊戲主題 ； 手足互動行為

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to probe into the siblings’ play therapy themes and interaction behaviors for witness of marital violence. In this study, used the analysis outline of the subject for witness of marital violence child and the interaction behaviors for witness of marital violence siblings to research that “Game theme” and “Interaction behaviors for siblings” by carrying on 16 times courses of play therapy for witness of marital violence siblings (eight years old boy and seven years old girl ).
The result of study is found as follows:
First, the game themes of witness of marital violence children in the play therapy for siblings:
1. Witness of marital violence children in the course of the play therapy for siblings, the theme of game has the changes of each “quality” and “quantity”. Boy and girl’s 26 classifications reflect level in the play themes, the elder brother’s six high responses are “independence”,” control”, “ attack”, ”achievement”, “negative mood”, “fostering”; younger sister’s are “independence”, “negative mood”, “fostering”, “ attack”, “positive mood”, “control”.
2. Witness of marital violence children in the course of the play therapy for siblings, both “mood reacts and displays” and “power control topics” have positive change.
3. The play therapy for siblings offered safety and support to children and can more focus on deal with the family issue.
4. Witness of marital violence children have high power control and reflect that there are positive value and meaning in treating.
5. Mood has the two poles to react.
6. The play therapy in middle period is great one of violence attack.
7. Witness of marital violence children have inclination of same sex study by the inflicter fathers and the victim mother.
8. Witness of marital violence children have the response of parentalize.
9. External resources linked and obtained are the important source of the personal security of witness of marital violence children.
Second, In respect of the interaction behaviors in siblings of witness of marital violence children in the play therapy for siblings:
1. The interaction behaviors in siblings of witness of marital violence children in the play therapy for siblings appear different and same response. It arrange from high to low that the siblings interaction classification start by the elder are “pacified”, “ignore others”, “conflict” , “work together”. “alliance” and “the bridge”; younger sister's response at most is “conflict”, second high have three classifications which are “passive submission”, ”work together”, “alliance”, the fifth and sixth are “agreement” and “repel”.
2. Witness of marital violence children in the course of the play therapy for siblings,' competition ', ' estrangement ', ' truss up ' and' link ' all have change .
3. The interaction behaviors in siblings of witness of marital violence children in the play therapy for siblings have mutual influence with another one and therapist.
4. The interaction behaviors in siblings of witness of marital violence children in the play therapy for siblings witness appears the coexistent phenomenon of pestering and splitting.
5. The competitive and linked reflection of witness of marital violence children will start the possibility that another sibling reacts in step.
6. Witness of marital violence children in the course of the play therapy for siblings, the different speed of the game form the important reason of conflict and trussed.
7. Witness of marital violence children in the course of the play therapy for siblings, the reaction of the same feeling and substitute learning can’t cause the result as generally group consulting.
8. Witness of marital violence children in the course of the play therapy for siblings, striving for resources are the sources of the competitive reaction.
9. Witness of marital violence children in the course of the play therapy for siblings, the outside pressure impels support and linked each other by himself.
Based on the above-mentioned results of study and the research finding, the researcher suggests to two respects of the children consulting practice work and follow-up studies.

Keywords: Witness of marital violence children, The play therapy for siblings, The play themes and Siblings interaction behaviors.

並列關鍵字

Witness of marital violence children ； The play therapy for siblings ； The play themes and Siblings interaction behaviors

參考文獻

沈瓊桃（2005）。兒童知覺的雙重家庭暴力經驗與其適應行為之相關研究。中華心理衛生學刊，1，25-64。

一、中文文獻

內政部統計處（2007）。【家庭暴力事件通報統計】。http://dspc.moi.gov.tw/lp.asp?ctNode=776&CtUnit=79&BaseDSD=7&mp=1

田世崇（2003）。兒童中心遊戲治療歷程研究—以一個具社會畏縮行為兒童為例。新竹教育大學輔導教學研究所碩士論文，未出版，新竹市。

王智弘（1996）。諮商未成年當事人的倫理問題。國立彰化師範大學輔導學報，19，287-321。