重新界定食物銀行的邊緣戶：服務提供者的經驗分析

本研究主要在探討「食物銀行邊緣戶的影響因素」，目的在了解食物銀行服務提供者對於邊緣戶之觀點，藉由文獻檢閱與專家意見擬出食物銀行邊緣戶的構面與指標，分為個人層面、家庭層面、社會環境層面、制度層面4個層面，彙整出評估食物銀行邊緣戶因素的14項指標，蒐集南投縣埔里鎮公部門與非營利組織食物銀行評估邊緣戶的經驗，採用層級分析法來決定影響邊緣戶因子的權重，透過服務提供者評估各構面與指標間相對重要的程度。研究結果發現，埔里地區公部門與非營利組織的構面排序顯示服務提供者在評估邊緣戶對於家庭層面的重視，而公部門較看重制度層面，非營利組織則較在意個人層面的評估，從各構面底下的指標來看，呈現兩部門對於家庭、個人指標與社會環境和制度層面的一致性，表示不論是公部門或非營利組織食物銀行的服務提供者在評估邊緣戶時，對於個案或家庭本身條件的重視。關鍵字：食物銀行、邊緣戶、評估指標、層級分析法

關鍵字

食物銀行；邊緣戶；評估指標；層級分析法

並列摘要

The research is mainly to explore the "influencing factors of food bank near-poor households ". The purpose is to understand the views of food bank service providers on the near-poor households. The drawn by literature reviews and expert opinions are divided into the influencing dimension and indicators of food bank near-poor households. Established four dimension: individual level, family level, social environmental level, and institutional level, the 14 indicators of food bank near-poor households are compiled. Collected the experiences of the public sector in Puli Township, Nantou County and the non-profit organization food banks in assessing near-poor households. Used analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of factors affecting near-poor households, and evaluated the relative importance of various dimensions and indicators through service providers. The results of the study found that the ranking of the public sector and non-profit organizations in Puli shows that service providers are assessing the importance of near-poor households to the family level. While the public sector pays more attention to the institutional level, non-profit organizations pay more attention to the evaluation of the individual level. Judging from the indicators under each dimension, the two departments’ indicators of family and individual are consistent with the social environment and institution. Keywords: Food bank, Near-poor households, Assessment indicators, Analytic hierarchy 　process