社會工作督導的管理倫理與道德困境

本研究為了解在社福組織中，社會工作督導在督導工作過程中所面臨的管理倫理與道德困境議題、面臨這些議題的因應方式以及這些情境背後的脈絡因素，以質性研究深度訪談八位曾在督導工作歷程中遭遇管理兩難及道德困境的社會工作督導，透過資料分析來呈現這些社工督導所遭遇的管理倫理兩難、道德困境，並進一步了解這些兩難與困境的風險與保護因子、社工督導在這些歷程中所面臨的矛盾與衝突感受、了解他們對於這些情境所作出的因應策略，以及對於這些困境有哪些期待的解決方法。研究發現管理倫理兩難的情境可能來自於主管、評鑑、組織的經營壓力以及組織所面對的人情關係；道德困境則牽涉到個案的權益被忽視、社工被要求回捐薪資、和不實的帳務核銷工作、社福單位中的利益分配以及社工的勞動權益受到剝削。而「組織」所扮演的角色則影響了管理倫理與道德困境的發生與否，若組織有堅定的信仰、明確的服務使命以及良好的營運情況，則可以減少管理倫理與道德困境的狀況發生。最後期待透過法律的約束與喚起集體意識對於這些議題有更多的重視，才能有更多能量改變整體結構環境，以減少這些倫理兩難與道德困境，拾回社會工作所追求的真正價值與初衷。

關鍵字

社會工作督導；管理倫理；道德困境

並列摘要

This study aims to explore the experiences of social work supervisors under certain circumstances, especially on how they aware and confront the ethical dilemmas and moral distress during the managerial process. Designed as a qualitative research, in-depth interviews with 8 social work supervisors who had suffered and struggled in such diffecticult position is used as main data collecting method. The findings reveal various social work supervisors’ ethics dilemmas, risk and protective factors in system and organizational envorinament, contradictions and conflicts they face, and finally, summarize the strategies they used to cope with frustrations and to overcome difficulties. The study revealed that the managerial ethical issues mainly caused by the executive officers, external evaluation, interrelationship, and survival of organization management. In terms of moral distress, false accounting, paying no attention to client’s right, coercion donation are commonly complained. It shows many NPOs indeed violate social worker’s labor right and supervisors feel helpless. The context of managerial operation and organization’s characteristics truly affect the nature of ethic dilemma and moral distress. For those with a firm belief, clear mission and good service operating conditions, these difficulities seems to be avoided. Finally, the author calls for attemtion to more legal constraints to NPOs and collective professional consciousness foe social workers to gain power and take action to against the unfriendly working environment.