台灣1985~2007年工資結構之改變：分量迴歸分析

The Changes of Wage Structure in Taiwan During 1985~2007：Evidence From Quantile Regression

許哲維(CHE-WEI HSU)

指導教授 ： 陳建良

國立暨南國際大學/管理學院/經濟學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本文使用分量迴歸和擬真分析研究台灣1985年和2007年的工資差異，將兩個年度的工資差異分解為「歸因於報酬率差異」以及「歸因於平均特性差異」兩部份，觀察在不同分量位置下工資差異中歸因於這兩部分的比例有何變化趨勢，最後再找出這兩個部份中各自是哪些要素的影響效果最為顯著。實證結果顯示在低工資水準下兩年度工資差異主要是來自解釋變數報酬率的差異，高工資水準下工資差異則主要是歸因於解釋變數平均特性的改變。在工資差異中歸因於報酬率差異的部份，全職工作者報酬率的變化影響最為重大，在工資差異歸因於平均特性差異的部份，大專以上學歷比例的提升是主要原因。此外，教育變數 (高中畢業、大專以上學歷) 的報酬率在2007年普遍不如1985年，但是高工資水準的女性例外。

關鍵字

工資差異 ； 分量迴歸

並列摘要

Our research uses Quantile Regression and counterfactual decomposition to study Taiwan’s wage gap in1985 and 2007, the two years’ wage gap will be divided into attributed to the different return rate of explanatory variables and attributed to the change of explanatory variables average characteristic two parts. We observe under different locations of wage gaps which are attributed to the two parts have what kind of movements, finally, we find which factors have significant effects in the two parts respectively. Our results reveal in low-wage level, these two years differences of wage gaps were attributed to the different return rate of explanatory variables, and in high-wage level which were mainly attributed to the change of explanatory variables average characteristic. For the wage gaps which attributed to different return rate, full-time worker’s effects of movements of return rate were important, for the wage gaps which attributed to differences of average characteristic, the increasing rate of collage or higher is the main reason. In addiction, the return rates of educational variables (high school, college or higher) in 2007 lower than 1985, but exclude high-wage level female.

並列關鍵字

Wage gap ； Quantile Regression

參考文獻

中文文獻：

劉錦添、劉錦龍 (1987)，「台灣地區男女工資率的差異」，中國經

濟學會年會論文。

劉鶯釧 (1988)，「台灣地區受雇人員工資的性別歧視」，《經濟論

文叢刊》，16，393-412。