身心障礙者生命韌力的展現～以臺南市障礙者為例

本研究主要探究近貧身心障礙者，在社區面對生活中的逆境時，障礙者如何運用生命的經驗去因應逆境，以及了解障礙者在面對逆境時，其所採取的因應方式與生活策略；並透過分析障礙者面對逆境的態度、因應方式、在社區中穩定生活的策略，分析障礙者韌力展現的形式與過程。另外亦希望擺脫弱勢觀點之視角，由韌力觀點探討障礙者的能動性之認識與看見；期待藉著本研究，讓政策制定者、實務工作者與一般社會大眾，更能真實的認識近貧障礙者在社區生活之困境，以及相關福利保護措施適用侷限，以倡導障礙者的權益，並期待能促成更友善之修法。為探討障礙者的生命韌力的展現與相關經驗，本研究採質性研究方法，共訪問7位46歲至68歲的障礙者，透過他們對於自身經驗的敘述，以及因應逆境的經歷，來探究障礙者的生命韌力，本研究彙整出以下研究發現：一、障礙者在社區面臨的逆境多元，大致可區分為經濟生活困境、負向的家庭關係、疾病所引起的負面影響。二、由於逆境狀況多變，障礙者需視逆境狀況採取相應策略。其中主要策略與核心精神即在於因應逆境時的積極態度以及具有改變的動機，勇於突破、嘗試改變逆境狀況。三、韌力展現具有多元的形式，會依據研究對象的性格、信念、因應逆境態度等有所不同，綜合而論，韌力的展現就是障礙者因應逆境時的積極作為，其致力於解決逆境的過程。四、適應逆境的過程就是一種自我成長，當障礙者在克服逆境難關，甚至將其轉化為生活的一部分，從中找到與逆境共存的方式，就是因應逆境的最好策略，亦是障礙者的自我超越的表現。

關鍵字

逆境；韌力；近貧；身心障礙者

並列摘要

This research mainly explores how disabilities and poverty use their life experiences to deal when facing the life adversity in the community, and understand the methods and life strategies they took. By analyzing the attitudes of disabilities toward adversity, methods, and strategies for stabilizing life in the community, analyze the form and process of the resilience of disabilities. In addition, I hope to get rid of the perspective of underprivileged viewpoints and explore the awareness and exposure of agency of disabilities from the point of view of resilience. I hope that through this research, policy constitutor, practitioners and the publics can more understand for the obstacles in the community of disabilities and poverty faced and the limitation for related compensation of welfare and protection in order to promote the rights of the disabilities, and hope to change laws to be more friendly for disabilities. In order to explore the reveal of resilience and related experiences of disabilities, this research adopted qualitative research methods and interviewed 7 people with disabilities aged 46 to 68. Through their narratives of their own experiences and their experiences in response to adversity, explore the resilience of disabilities. The finding of research is summarized as following: 1.The adversity faced by disabilities in the community is diverse, which can be roughly divided into economic difficulties, negative family relationships, and negative effects caused by diseases. 2.Due to the changeable situation of adversity, disabilities need to adopt corresponding strategies depending on the adversity situation. The main strategy and core spirit is to respond to adversity with a positive attitude and motivation to change, to be brave enough to break through and try to change the situation of adversity. 3.The display of resilience has multiple ways, which will vary according to the personality, beliefs, and attitudes of the research objects. In general, the display of resilience is the active behavior of the disabilities in response to adversity, and they are committed to the process of resolving adversity. 4.The process of adapting to adversity is a kind of self-growth. When disabilities are overcoming the difficulties of adversity, or even transforming adversity into part of lives, find ways to coexist with adversity is the best strategy, and it is also the self-transcendence expression of disabilities.