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  • 學位論文

基於影像單應性的影像輔助導航系統研究

A Research of Homography-Based Vision-Aided Inertial Navigation System

指導教授 : 林繼耀

摘要


自從第一顆人造衛星被發射上軌道並在之後的幾年提出全球定位系統(GPS)理論不過短短三四十年,至今GPS已發展非常成熟,無人機(UAV)的導航便是其應用之一。現今的無人機可以比以往更便宜的價格、更低的汙染以及更高的靈活性來使用,例如多軸無人機幾乎能在各種環境起降,但是GPS輔助仍有些限制條件像是在室內時,GPS的電磁波訊號會大量衰減,在這樣的狀況下操作無人機會有一定的困難及危險性存在。因此此論文便討論一種使用電腦視覺方法來輔助慣性導航系統,其電腦視覺理論稱為homography 演算法。 在本篇論文中,我們運用卡爾曼濾波器(Kalman filter)來估測速度偏差以及角速度偏差,利用這兩項估測值來補償慣性導航系統。

並列摘要


Currently, the Global Positioning System (GPS) products have been matured and have applied in multiple ways. One of the application is Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle (UAV). The feature points of the UAV are the lower pollution and price, highly freedom to change instrument for the mission, and highly maneuverability in the fly field. Therefore, it will make the easy navigation but there are still some limitations of the GPS aiding, for example, the GPS signal is not efficient indoor because of the attenuation of electromagnetic waves. Therefore, we discuss a vision approach to aid low-cost inertial navigation system (INS) where the vision approach is called homography algorithm. In this thesis, by using the Kalman filter, we estimate the velocity errors and angular velocity errors from the images to compensate the low-cost INS.

並列關鍵字

image-based visual servo homography Eular angular SIFT SURF INS Kalman filter

參考文獻


[1] A. P. A. Mohinder S. Grewal, Lawrence R. Weill,Global Positioning Systems InertialNavigation and Integration. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2001.
[2] J. L. Weston and D. H. Titterton, “Modern inertial navigation technology and itsapplication,”Electronics Communication Engineering Journal, vol. 12, no. 2, pp.49–64, Apr 2000.
[3]ADXL345 Digital Accelerometer Product Specification, 2009.
[4]ITG-3200 Gyroscope Product Specification Revision 1.4, InvenSense Inc., 1197 Bor-regas Ave, Sunnyvale, CA 94089 U.S.A., 03 2010.
[5] K. Y. Lum, X. Dong, K. Z. Y. Ang, and F. Lin, “Simulation study of homography-based vision-aided inertial navigation for aerial vehicles,” in11th IEEE InternationalConference on Control Automation (ICCA), June 2014, pp. 1357–1362.

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