漢語近代親屬稱謂系統的語意和構詞研究

親屬關係是人類重要社會關係的一種，象徵親屬關係的稱謂詞也豐富了社會文化。一直以來，有許多不同領域的研究也針對親屬稱謂詞提出討論，本文以語言學角度探討漢語親屬稱謂詞之間的關係，主要目的是為了找出漢語親屬稱謂詞之間的一致性。文中根據構詞理論，認為親屬稱謂詞是由自由詞素以及附著詞素所構成，也從中證明漢語親屬稱謂詞是一種複合詞型態。另外，利用對照各詞素的組成方式，像是詞素出現的位置等等，從中不只發現詞素組合的順序也找出許多存在於親屬稱謂詞的構詞特色。此外，由於詞素當中都存在著性別、世代等不同的差異，因此，我們可以得知詞素所蘊含的語意成分會對詞素構成稱謂詞的過程中有所限制，為了要澄清詞素語意對於稱謂詞的影響，本文利用對照詞素彼此之間關係，也藉由語意特徵檢視並找出所有左右詞素組合的語意因子，並根據這些語意分析與構詞規則結合，找出專屬於漢語親屬稱謂詞系統中的通則。

關鍵字

漢語；親屬稱謂；構詞；語意對照

並列摘要

The kinship system is an important aspect of social life, and the application of the kinship terminology also enriches social cultures. This thesis analyzes the Chinese kinship terminology system from a linguistic point of view. The main purpose of this study is to figure out the morphological coincidence which governs the composition of Chinese kinship terms. We apply morphological theory to clarify the system's morphological components and find that the kinship terms are constructed by free and bound morphemes. The analysis provides us with the evidence that the Chinese kinship terms are compounds. In addition, this thesis focuses on contrasting the differentiation of morphemes to figure out the morphological characters. Moreover, the analyzed morphemes also imply the semantic discrepancy such as gender, generation. Consequently, the semantic constituents will be discussed in order to strengthen the morphological analysis within the system.