從洪堡特看漢語詞類

A Humboldtian Perspective on Chinese grammatical categories

張美鳳(Teoh Mui Hong)

指導教授 ： 文哲博士

共同指導教授 ： 魏伯特(Robert Reynolds)

國立暨南國際大學/人文學院/外國語文學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/NCNU.2008.00161

摘要

本論文從哲學家洪堡特的角度探討中文的詞類問題。洪堡特認為漢語毫無詞類分別，其原因歸咎於該語言的發展。沒有詞類分別帶給漢語相當程度的影響。它使漢語更加著重於句法形式和文章的脈絡。因此，了解這語音比起其他西方語言相比，譬如英語更加需要上下文的加持。洪堡特漢語詞類的見解是非常直接與精簡的。本論文將從結構語言學和應用語言學的角度，探討和發覺洪堡特對漢語詞類的看法。

關鍵字

洪堡特 ； 詞類 ； 範疇化 ； 形態 ； 原型範疇 ； 家族 ； 語意屬性 ； 語用功能

並列摘要

This thesis examines the issues of Chinese grammatical categorization from Humboldt’s perspective. Humboldt claims that grammatical categories are missing in Chinese. The missing is the consequence of the development of this language, and it has significant impacts on this language: it leads Chinese to the emphasis on syntactic forms and contextual significance. Chinese, therefore, is more contextual than Western language such as English. Humboldt’s views toward Chinese grammatical categories were incisive and compressed at his time. Thesis is attempting to delve into his insights by looking at theories that have been developed nowadays, namely, theories from structural and functional aspects.

並列關鍵字

Wilhelm von Humboldt ； grammatical category ； categorization ； inflection ； prototype ； family ； semantic property ； pragmatic function

參考文獻

References

Baker, M. C. (2003). Lexical categories: Verbs, nouns, and adjectives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Borsley, R. D. (1999). Syntactic Categories. Syntactic Theory: A Unified Approach. London: New York Edward Arnold, 52-52.

Bresnan, J. (2000). Lexical-Functional Syntax. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Brown, K. and Miller, J. (1999). Introduction. In K. Brown and J. Miller (Eds.) Concise Encyclopedia of Grammatical Categories, (xiii-xxii.). Oxford: Elsevier.