越南學生在數學表現的相關因素之研究-以PISA 2018資料為例

A Study of Factors Associated with Vietnamese Students’ Mathematics Performance in the Programme for International Student Assessment 2018

鄧藩小璃(Dang Phan Tieu Ly)

指導教授 ： 吳慧子

國立暨南國際大學/教育學院/教育政策與行政學系/碩士(2020年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/ncnu202000313

摘要

本研究旨在以2018年國際學生能力評量計畫（PISA）數據來探討與越南學生數學成績相關之因素。本研究依據人口數量多寡將越南城市分成五種地區, 主要聚焦在三個待答問題：（1）在五個地區，越南學生PISA數學表現在性別層面上是否有差異？ （2）根據五個地區的父母教育程度，學生在PISA數學表現是否存在顯著差異？ （3）根據五個地區的父母職業，越南學生PISA數學表現是否存在顯著差異？
本研究採用量化研究方法。研究樣本包括來自五個地區的151所學校，合計有5377名15歲的越南學生。此五大地區依據城市人口數分類，包含農村(偏遠地區)、小村莊、小鎮，城鎮、大城市(都會區)。本研究使用SPSS軟體23.0版分析數據，利用獨立樣本t檢定檢驗學生在數學表現方面之性別差異, 並運用單因子獨立變異數分析（ANOVA）, 計算依不同的父母教育程度，五個地區學校之學生數學表現是否存在差異。另外，根據其父母不同職業類別，採用線性迴歸分析五個地區學校其學生的PISA數學表現差異。
研究結果發現，不同性別的越南學生在PISA數學表現上, 並未達顯著差異; 然而, 父母的教育程度或者父母的職業類別不同, 則分別在其子女的PISA數學表現上有顯著之差異, 統計分析結果顯示, 父母受教育的程度愈高，孩子的數學表現就愈好; 再者，父母若從事較好的職業，其學生在學校的數學表現也會愈好。根據本研究之分析與結果，研究者提出幾項具體建議供越南政府、教育決策者、學校行政人員以及教師們參考，希冀未來有助於提高越南學生的數學能力並促進教育發展。本研究建議未來相關研究可納入更多有關影響越南學生數學表現因素之探索。

關鍵字

國際學生能力評量計畫(PISA) ； 越南 ； 數學表現 ； 性別差異 ； 父母教育程度 ； 父母職業

並列摘要

The present study aimed to identify factors associated with Vietnamese students’ mathematics performance based on the database of Programme of International Students Assessment (PISA) 2018. The study focused on answering three research questions: (1) To what extent are there gender differences in Vietnamese students’ mathematics performance in five school locations? (2) Are there significant differences in students’ mathematics performance based on their parental education levels in five school locations? (3) Are there significant differences in students’ mathematics performance in Vietnam based on their parental occupations in five school locations?
A quantitative research method was applied in this study. The sample consisted of 5377 15-year-old Vietnamese students from 151 schools distributed in five areas, including a village, hamlet or rural area, a small town, a town, a city, and a large city. Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 23.0. Independent t-test was used to examine students gender differences in mathematics performance. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to analyze the differences of students’ mathematics performance in five school locations based on their parental education levels. And finally, linear regression was employed to find out the differences in students’ mathematics performance in five school locations based on their parental occupations. The study revealed that female and male students did not significantly differ in achievement. The findings also showed that the higher education levels of parents, the better mathematics performance their children achieved. Furthermore, students whose parents had better occupations achieved higher mathematics scores at school.
Based on the findings, some recommendations were contributed to the government, educational policymakers, school administrators, and teachers that they can improve mathematical skills for Vietnamese students and develop the education system. Future studies were suggested to explore more factors affecting Vietnamese students’ mathematics performance.

並列關鍵字

PISA ； Vietnam ； mathematics performance ； gender difference ； parental education level ； parental occupation

參考文獻

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