社區機構智能障礙個案處遇分析與建構之研究

A Study of Intervention Analysis and Construction with Intellectual Disability Client in Community Institution Interventions.

楊靜芳(Ching-Fang Yang)

指導教授 ： 蕭文

國立暨南國際大學/教育學院/諮商心理與人力資源發展學系 輔導與諮商博士班/博士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/ncnu201900006

摘要

智能障礙者受限於智力發展，在口語表達與認知理解的能力有其限制。儘管如此，社會工作者仍是依賴個案的口語訊息做為資源連結及處遇的依據，可能忽略智能障礙個案呈現的語言及非語言訊息與其內在心理需求的連結，使得服務介入未能有顯見的效果。為建構適合智能障礙者的處遇策略與工作方法，本研究採內容分析法，研究者共檢視67份個案記錄作為本文分析資料，歸納及討論出智能障礙者的群聚類型及其與心理需求的關聯性、與適合的處遇策略。
本研究結論包括：1.群聚類型有助於具象化智能障礙者的樣貌；2.女性智能障礙個案普遍易受異性誘拐；3.語言及非語言訊息的整合，有助於解讀個案真實的心理需求；4.心理需求的辨識為有效處遇的前置要件；5.以多元的策略面對智能障礙者，而同理心為所有處遇策略之首；6.群組的策略運用，有助於與個案的合作關係；7.社工在處遇角色的多元性--以守門員/褓姆的角色給予個案生活提醒；8.社工以資源或問題解決角度進行處遇的標準化工作流程易陷入工作困境；9.智能障礙個案處遇策略之建構與應用。
最後，根據研究觀察、結果與討論，研究者提出對社工實務與教育、及未來相關研究方向之建議。

關鍵字

智能障礙者 ； 處遇策略 ； 社會工作

並列摘要

People with intellectual disability have limited intellectual development, resulting in limited verbal and cognitive ability. Despite this, social workers rely mainly on oral communication with the clients to obtain essential information that serves as the basis for linking the clients to needed resources and intervention, resulting in omission of the connection between psychological needs and verbal and non-verbal messages from intellectual disability clients and compromise the effectiveness of the service and intervention. This study adopted the content analysis method to construct suitable intervention strategies and working methods for intellectual disability clients. 67 case records were examined and served as data for analysis to summarize the connection between cluster type of people with intellectual disability and their psychological needs and suitable intervention strategies.
Research conclusions include: (1)Cluster type helps to concretize the reality of people with intellectual disability, (2) Female intellectual disability clients are generally susceptible to abduction by people of the opposite sex, (3) Integration of verbal and non-verbal messages helps to perceive the real psychological needs of clients, (4) Identification of psychological needs serves as a precondition for effective intervention. (5) Face people with intellectual disability with multifaceted strategies, and with empathy as the primary intervention strategy of all, (6) Utilizing strategies for group work helps collaborative relationships with clients, (7) Role diversity of social workers -- offer reminders to clients as goalkeepers/caregivers, (8) Social workers develop standardized workflows for intervention based on resources or problem-solving often results in work dilemma, (9) Construction and application of intervention strategies for intellectual disability clients.
The research observation, results, and discussion provide an important insight into social work practice and education, an insight that can be useful in offering implications and suggestions for future research.

並列關鍵字

intellectual disability ； intervention strategies ； social work

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一、中文文獻