如何增加傳統產業核心競爭力以金屬加工業為例

現今企業在面臨快速變遷的市場壓力，以及全球化的競爭環境，為了有效提高品質，快速反應客戶需求以及等夠提供有競爭力的價格以提升企業整體競爭力以回應客戶之需求，金屬加工產業需要透過跨組織合作來進行產業的整合，以持續擁有競爭優勢。跨組織合作的方式為金屬加工業用來克服組織間的障礙，並能相互分享資源的重要工具。金屬加工業跨組織合作的使用除了能緊密的連結企業之間的運作之外，也加強了各金屬加工科別之間的互動及整合，協助企業達成運籌市場之管理目標。本篇研究根據資源基礎理論，分析金屬加工企業各科別跨組織合作與組織資源特性的價值性、稀少性、不可替代性及不可模仿性的相互關係，針對金屬加工產業的競爭優勢進行分析，本研究以金屬加工科別為標的，探討影響企業達成跨組織合作的相關因素。本研究目的為：一、探討金屬加工業的跨組織合作如何進行。二、從資源基礎理論中提出影響金屬加工業跨組織合作的因素。三、探討企業以資源基礎理論來發展一個加工科別跨組織合作模式。四、以資源基礎理論，探討金屬加工業跨組織合作的核心資源，以及其競爭力背後的內涵。五、以國內的金屬加工產業為例，驗證資源基礎理論各因素對金屬加工產業跨組織程度的影響關係。本研究根據資源基礎理論(Barney, 1991; Peteraf,1993)等學者的相關研究理論中依據資源價值性高低及資源稀少性的多寡來探討金屬加工業跨組織合作模式，類型分別為HVHR、LVHR、HVLR、LVLR。本研究擬依據質性深度訪談的方式探討企業加工科別的建置，再探討各企業建置加工科別的現況及其採行之策略與影響其跨組織合作程度高低之間相互影響之因素。研究結果發現：金屬加工業各科別的價值性與企業的核心競爭力有正向關連，加工科別對企業的價值性越高時則越屬於企業的核心能力，加工科別的稀少性與企業的競爭優勢有相關，企業加工科別在市場上可取代的資源越少時企業的競爭能力與優勢就會越高，企業對加工科別跨組織合作或自行發展與加工項目的專業能力有相關，企業所在的地區對加工項目的價值性也有影響，加工項目在該地區的價值性越高時則越屬於企業的核心競爭能力，金屬加工科別可利用跨組織合作的方式快速取得企業內部原本並不存在的技術及新的加工項目。

關鍵字

傳統產業；金屬加工業；跨組織合作；價值性；稀少性；資源基礎理論

並列摘要

With the rapid changes and globalized competition in the processing industry, for strengthen competitiveness, each manufacturers need to make effort to share and integrate all the resources to improve the quality of products, respond to the customer's demand , and offer the attractive price. The cross-organizational cooperation can not only strengthen the link between different category manufacture but share the resources for assisting company to achieve management. In this study, based on the resource-based theories, we analyze the the relationship between cross-organizational cooperation and resource value, rareness, irreplaceability, and inimitability of the metal processing company, The factors which affect mutual collaboration of cross-organization were also been analyzed. The purposes of the study are: a. Discuss the process of the cross-organizational cooperation in different metal processing company. b. Propose the factors of affecting cross-organizational cooperation in different medical processing company based on the resource-based theories mentioned above.。 c. Discuss the cross-organizational cooperation modules in different metal processing industry based on the resource-based theories. d. Discuss the cross-organizational core resources and content of the competitiveness of based on point of view and theories of the basic resource. e. Take domestic metal processing company for examples to prove every factor of affecting the cross-organizational relationship in different property of metal processing industry. In this study, we proposed cross-organizational cooperation modules according to the value and rareness of the resources based on the relative resource-based theories from Professor Barney (1991) and Peteraf (1993). The types of the resource module were divided into HVHR, LVHR, HVLR and LVLR. We discuss the current status in the peoperty of metal processing line in each manufacture, the running strategies adopted by the manufactures and the affecting factors of cross-organizational cooperation in different production lines. The results reveal that it has the positive relationship between the value of the manufacture and running core of the company. The more value the manufacture has, the more core capacity the manufacture has. It has high level relationship between the rareness and competitiveness of the manufactures; while it has high level relationship between the cross-organizational cooperation and capacity in different property of metal processing company. The value of the company depends on the place which is located in. The more value the metal processing industry provides, the more core capacity the enterprise has so we could acquire un-existing internal technologies rapidly within cross-organizational cooperation in different property of metal processing company.