關係議題於自殺個案生前狀態之研究

本研究之研究目的在於：1.瞭解華人社會脈絡中的關係價值；2.找出關係議題與自殺的相關因素；3.釐清與關係議題相關之自殺求助線索。研究對象為三位於「安心專線」協談之自殺個案，研究採質性研究法的詮釋現象學取向，以「主題分析法」將逐次協談音檔進行分析。研究結果如下：一、華人社會脈絡中的關係價值包括：1.存在的意義來自於被接納看重；2.自我價值依憑於重要他人的認可；3.付出和貢獻是關係中的責任。二、關係議題與自殺行為的相關影響因素包括：1.支持系統薄弱將更為依賴重要關係；2.降低自尊以配合挽留重要關係；3.符合要求與期待以換得肯定和被愛。三、關係狀態與促進自殺之相關因素包括：1.重要他人的情緒言語及漠視將助長自殺；2.在無助和失落中自殺成為逃離和停止痛苦的選擇；3.從自殺中挽回自尊及作為付出。四、與關係議題相關之自殺求助線索包括：1.能積極討論並探尋現存問題之解決方法；2.焦慮情緒起伏和抗拒行為的呈現；3.絕望低落及認定已無選擇；4.平靜的將自殺詮釋為是為自己所做的決定。最後依據上述研究結果進行討論並提出建議，以做為未來研究及實務工作者之參考。

關鍵字

關係議題；自殺個案

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to: 1. understand the value of the relationship in Chinese social context; 2. find out the relevant factors between relational issues and suicide; 3. clarify suicidal help-seeking clues related to the relational issue. The study subjects were three suicide cases who had called on the National Suicide Prevention Hotline. Hermeneutic phenomenology of qualitative research method was taken as the research orientation, and the "thematic analysis" was used to analyze the phone record files one by one. Results showed as follows: First, the value of the relationship in Chinese social context included: 1. the meaning of existence come from being accepted and valued; 2. the self-worth depended on the recognition of important others; 3. giving and contributing were the responsibilities in the relationship. Second, the related influencing factors of relational issues and suicidal behaviors included: 1. weak support systems would rely more on important relationships; 2. reducing self-esteem to match was in order to retain important relationships; 3. meeting requirements and expectations were in order to exchange for affirmation and beloved. Third, the relevant factors of the relational status and promoting suicide included: 1. emotional speech and disregard of important others would contribute to suicide; 2. suicide became the choice to escape and stop suffering in helplessness and loss; 3. recovering self-esteem from suicide and as a pay. Forth, suicidal help-seeking clues related to relational issues included: 1. discussing actively and exploring a solution of the existing problems; 2. the ups and downs of Anxiety and the presentation of resistance behaviors; 3. feeling in despair and depression as well as believing of no choices; 4. calmly interpreting that suicide was the decision they made for themselves. Based on the research results, further discussions were made, and specific suggestions were proposed for future research and practical workers.