- 學位論文
以系統動態學探討台灣中小型成衣廠的經營模式
A System Dynamics Approach to the Development Models of Small and Medium Garment Factories in Taiwan
摘要
台灣紡織成衣業從1950年代開始，至今已有六十多年的發展經驗，隨著國內經濟環境的發展和國際局勢的轉變，台灣的中小成衣業者採取了各種策略來因應。無論是選擇外移至人工薪資較低的國家，或是從以往的代工往技術、品牌面轉型，如何界定不同的經營模式所需要的關鍵資源與適合的策略，是一項重要但困難的議題。 本研究使用系統動態學(System Dynamics, SD)分析台灣中小成衣業不同類型經營模式的特性，透過歷史文獻蒐集，並實地訪談數間台灣中小型成衣企業，建立各模式的發展模式並進行政策模擬。 研究結果顯示：固守OEM的經營模式可能會面臨員工短缺、訂單數量與單價下滑以及人力成本提高的問題，長期發展可能會連續虧損而被迫退出市場。在ODM經營模式下，透過提升設計能力和改進商品品質的策略，可以兼顧OEM訂單與較高單價的ODM訂單，但仍會面對原物料上漲和競爭對手削價的問題。OBM經營模式則需要投入大量資金在通路、行銷、和生產品管層面，且需與既有客戶的市場區隔，以確保發展初期的穩定性。 本研究透過SD分析成衣業OEM時期發展至OBM的發展模式，研究成果可為台灣中小型成衣業者發展策略的參考。
並列摘要
Taiwan's garment industry has developed more than 60 years since 1950s. Industry firms adopted different strategies to survive in the evolving domestic and international environment. How to identify the critical resources and effective strategies for each development model is an important but difficult task. This research uses system dynamics to analyze the development models of five local garment companies and derived three system dynamics models. The results of the scenario simulations show that staying with the OEM model will face the challenge of being squeezed out of the market in the long term. The ODM model has higher profit than OEM but the pressures of raising costs and price competition remains as challenges. The OBM model requires heavy investments in marketing and proper product positioning to avoid direct competition with market leaders. This study summarized the development models of the garment industry as an evolutionary process from the OEM model to the OBM model. The simulation results can be good references to the small and medium garment manufacturers in Taiwan.