未成年小媽媽教養發展遲緩兒童經驗之詮釋

未成年小媽媽，一個稱謂、雙重身份，在仍須被保護以及要負起保護、教養之責的兩種身分下，她們的身心和各項需求產生巨大的變化與拉扯，也使她們在為人母後面臨極大的考驗。若遇上孩子有發展遲緩，面臨額外的早療治療、親職課程等狀況，對未成年小媽媽來說，又何種處境與狀態，值得深入探究。因此，本研究在目的在於詮釋未成年小媽媽在面對親自撫育及教養發展遲緩兒童的經驗。本研究歷經10個月，透過16次跟訪早療課程的機會，實際參與一位小媽媽日常教養及親子互動；從情境中取得相關故事的片斷，加上傳述經驗的過程，整理小媽媽的生命經驗，進而整理出以下四面向的發現：(一)從生態理論觀點論述小媽媽母職實踐的想法與作法；(二)從社會排除觀點探討在母職展現過程中自我內在的糾葛與衝突；(三)從政策面向分析小媽媽在母職身分下使用資源的經驗及感受；以及(四)從小媽媽對自己未來生涯、母職的期許中看到她逆境求生的不容易。希望能透過這樣的整理，讓大家對於未成年小媽媽教養發展遲緩小孩的處境、經驗有更深入的理解與認識。最後，根據研究發現予以七點研究討論與反思及二點建議，期許在服務或福利供給上從巨視體制、文化到微視的個人狀態有脈絡性的去理解未成年小媽媽；以及從不同面向來重新檢視及建構更貼近未成年小媽媽的福利政策，為她們帶來更多希望。關鍵字：未成年小媽媽、發展遲緩、母職、教養

關鍵字

未成年小媽媽；發展遲緩；母職；教養

並列摘要

Teenage mother, a single title but with a dual identity, still need to be protected while assuming protective and nurturing responsibilities, causing tremendous changes and tensions in their physical and psychological needs and exposing them to enormous challenges as they become mothers. If an adolescent mother has a child with developmental delays, her situation and status in the face of additional early treatment and parenting sessions are worth investigating. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the experiences of teenage mother in parenting and the upbringing of children with developmental delays. The study was conducted over a 10-month period through a series of 16 on-site visits to early treatment sessions to engage in the daily parenting and parent-child interactions of a teenage mother. By obtaining relevant story fragments from the context and experiential narratives, the adolescent mother's life experiences were organized and findings in the following four dimensions emerged: (1) analysis of the teenage mother's ideas and practices of motherhood from the perspective of ecological theory; (2) analysis of internal conflicts and entanglements of the self in motherhood from the perspective of social exclusion; (3) analysis of the teenage mother's experiences and feelings about the use of resources in motherhood from the policy perspective; and (4) revealing the difficulties of the teenage mother in surviving against the odds from her hopes for her future career and motherhood. It is hoped that this compilation will provide greater insight into the circumstances and experiences of adolescent mothers raising children with developmental delays. Lastly, based on the findings of the study, seven points of discussion and reflection, as well as two recommendations, are proposed, with the hope that a contextual understanding of adolescent mothers can be developed in terms of services and welfare provision, from the macroscopic perspective of the system and culture to the microscopic perspective of the individual, and that welfare policies that are more relevant to adolescent mother can be revisited and reconstructed from different perspectives in order to provide them with more hope. Keywords: teenage mother, developmental delays, motherhood, upbringing