王爾德《獄中帶鎖書》文類的探討

我們一共有五個章節。第一章，我們討論王爾德《獄中帶鎖書》的寫作背景以及文本本身，這裡頭包括許多種《獄中帶鎖書》版本跟所引起的不同評論。第二章我們介紹理論背景並觀察得知文類的概念是一種內容與形式約定成俗的結合，通常是用來達到某種效果。接著，我們討論綜合文類的本質以及為何某些作家會經常為了製造某些複雜的效果而結合或跨界文類。第三部分，我們將透過討論分析王爾德的作品來瞭解他對於跨界文類或混合文類的卓越控制能力。第三章，我們討論David W. Shaw 對於告解文類的定義，而這些定義大部分包括個人披露的真相跟私人經驗，還有說服讀者的修辭技巧形式。我們主張《獄中帶鎖書》是擁有告解性因為在此書中許多告解文類才有的特徵都有包括。在第四章我們引用Sidonie Smith 和 Julia Watson 對於辯護文類的定義，就是讓作者替自己辯護辯方所攻擊的行為或想法。然後，我們將討論王爾德在他早期評論作品《作為藝術家的評論家》跟《社會主義制度下人的靈魂》中的一些主題跟修辭形式。之後，我們將會討論王爾德在《獄中帶鎖書》所使用的修辭跟辯論的策略來發表意見。尤其我們將討論王爾德如何使用基督當作自我投射或是影像來論述他的意見。第五章，我們回顧整體的論文並討論《獄中帶鎖書》中混合文類所發生的問題。此外，我們也回顧了關於《獄中帶鎖書》的評論，同時也提出我們對於這些評論的回應以更確切瞭解《獄中帶鎖書》是否是一部較不成功混合文類的作品。因此，我們可以對於王爾德的混合文類在他的作品中有更具體的瞭解。

關鍵字

apologia ； confession ； mixed genre

並列摘要

The thesis consists of five chapters. In Chapter One, we discuss the biographical context and the text of Oscar Wilde’s Epistola, including the various editions of the Epistola and the diverse critical response it has evoked. In Chapter Two, we introduce the theoretical background and observe that the concept of genre is a customary combination of content and form used to achieve a certain effect. We then discuss the nature of mixed genres and why some writers frequently combine or violate genres to create certain complex effects. Later, we discuss Wilde’s good ability of manipulating the violation or mixture of genres to achieve some striking effects in many of his works. In Chapter Three, we discuss David W. Shaw’s definition of the confession, most of which contain the content of the revelation of personal and private experiences, and the form of rhetoric techniques, which aim at persuading the readers. We claim that the Epistola is confessional because most of the characteristics of the Epistola fits in the features of the confession. In Chapter Four, we can refer to Sidonie Smith and Julia Watson’s definition of the apologia, which defends for the opponent’s attack on the author’s deeds or ideas. We then discuss some of the themes and rhetorical forms that Wilde used in his earlier essays: The Critic as Artist and The Soul of Man Under Socialism. Later, we will discuss the rhetorical and polemical strategies that Wilde uses in the Epistola to make his arguments. In particular, we discuss how Wilde uses Christ as a projection or image, to make his arguments. In Chapter Five, we review the whole thesis and identify the problems of genre mixing in the Epistola. We also review the critical responses to the Epistola and offer our responses to these critical responses to prove that the Epistola is no less a successful work in the mixture of genres. We can thus gain a more concrete understanding of how and even why Wilde mixes genre in his works.