在家自行教育家庭的學習歷程之研究

本研究旨在探討在家自行教育家庭的學習歷程。研究目的可分為四項了解在家自行教育家長為子女選擇自行教育的動機；分析在家自行教育家庭的學習資源運用情形；了解在家自行教育家庭面臨的困境及因應方法；探討在家自行教育家庭實施後的影響等四項。研究主要採用半結構式訪談法，篩選八個家庭進行訪談。根據文獻探討、訪談資料作分析與討論，本研究共獲致以下各項結論：一、在家自行教育家長選擇自行教育的動機分別為強化家庭功能及凝聚力、符合家長主觀正向價值觀、依從家庭宗教信仰、嚮往多元化教學方式、提供彈性學習環境、提升教育環境之品質、受成功楷模的影響等七項。二、在家自行教育家庭學習資源的運用涵蓋文教機構、支持團體、設籍學校、自身家庭、家庭教師、教科書或學習專書、影音媒體教材及專長與技能學習課程等八個層面。三、在家自行教育家庭面臨的教育困境涉及自學生升學辦法不明確、自學生在校成績採計有爭議、自行教育家庭缺乏有效教學資源、自行教育家長課程規劃缺乏全面性、自行教育家庭承受之外在龐大負面壓力。四、在家自行教育家庭因應教育困境的方法，主要係透過共學團體的交流支持、調整學習模式、父母親共同分擔責任以及家庭自我調適。五、在家自行教育實施後，對自學生的影響主要包含建立良好的自主學習能力、培養適應社會的關鍵能力，然而亦可能較缺乏多元的社會化過程等三項。六、在家自行教育實施後，對家長的影響涵蓋，建立順應社會的關鍵能力、滿足個人之心理需求，以及需承受龐大負面之壓力。七、在家自行教育實施後，對家庭的影響涵蓋增進家庭凝聚力、促使其改善婚姻及姻親關係，以及建立學習型家庭。本研究依據研究結果，分別針對教育主管機關、在家自行教育組織、在家自行教育家庭及後續研究等四方面，提出多項建議。

關鍵字

在家自行教育；學習歷程；自學生；自主學習

並列摘要

This study aimed to explore the homeschooling family learning process. The purpose is to understand the motivation of home schooling parents, to analyze the application to the learning resources of home schooling families, to comprehend the difficulties faced by home schooling families as well as the solution to the problems, and to discuss the influence to the home schooling families after the implementation. This study adopts semi-structured interviews, eight families included. According to the literature review, the analysis and discussion of interview data, seven conclusions are drawn from this study: 1. There are seven motivations of the homeschooling parents, including to strengthen family function as well as cohesion, to conform with the subjective and positive values of their parents, to follow the family religion, to pursue diversified teaching methods, to provide a flexible learning environment, to enhance the quality of the educational environment, and to subject to the impact of successful models. 2. The application to learning resources of homeschooling families involve eight dimensions: the cultural and educational institutions, the support groups, the set membership schools, their own families, the tutors, the textbooks or learning books, the audio-visual media materials, and the expertise and skills learning programs. 3. The homeschooling families face five difficulties related to the educational approach: the unclear access to higher education, the dispute about the adoption of grades of students in school, their own lack of effective teaching resources at home, the insufficient comprehension about curriculum planning, the negative external pressure. 4. The methods to response to the plight of homeschooling families include the back-up from the support groups, the adjustment in learning approach, and the share of responsibility of parents and self-adjustment from family. 5. After the implementation of homeschooling, the impact on the self-learning students consists mainly of the establishment of a good self-learning ability, the cultivation of the key competence to globalization, and the lack of complete socialization processes. 6. After the implementation of homeschooling, three impacts on parents emerge: the establishment of the key capacity to adjust community, the enhancement of their psychological maturity, as well as the pressure from all parties. 7. After the implementation of homeschooling, the impact on the family are about the enhancement of family cohesion, the improvement of marriage and relationship between Mothers and daughters-in-law, and the establishment of the learning families. Based on the results of this study, a number of recommendations for the following four areas are proposed: the main customs authorities for education, the homeschooling organizations, the homeschooling families and the follow-up research.